lOM oAR c P S D | 1950 098 6
HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXIT V1,V2 & V3 LATEST 2023 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| PHARMACOLOGY
HESI EXIT QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXIT 2023 VERSION 1
- Which technique would a nurse reinforce when teaching a client how to self-administer eye
drops after cataract surgery?
a. placing the drops on the cornea of the eye
b. raising the upper eyelid with a gentle traction
c. holding the dropper tip above the conjunctive sac
d. squeezing the eye shut after installing the medication
Answer c. Holding the dropper tip above the conjunctive sac
Rationale
Drops are placed within the lower lid (conjunctivalsac) to protect against physical injury and infection,
the dropper tip should not touch the eye. The lower lid is retracted for placement of eye drops.
Squeezing the eyesshut after administration of the medication should be avoided as this willsqueeze
medication out of the eye. - Which medication is indicated to evacuate the uterus for a miscarriage?
a. Clomiphene
b. Dinoprostone
c. Magnesium sulfate
d. Methylergonovine
Answer b. Dinoprostone
Rationale
Dinoprostone is a prostaglandin abortifacient and cervical ripening drug, which is indicated for uterine
evacuation in cases of miscarriage. Clomiphene isindicated for female infertility in some clients.
Magnesium sulfate is used to treat preeclampsia. Methylergonovine is used to treat postpartum
uterine atony and hemorrhage. - Which preparation uses toxoids but not live viruses? Select all that apply. One, some, or all
responses may be correct.
a. Rotarix
b. Varivax
c. M-M-R II
d. PEDIARIX
e. DAPTACEL
Answer d. PEDRIX and e. DAPTACEL
Rationale
lOM oAR c P S D | 1950 098 6
PEDIARIX consists of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids plus inactivated bacterial components of
pertussis, inactive viral agent of hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus vaccine. DAPTACEL is a
preparation consisting oftoxoids plusinactive bacterial and viral components of depth area and
lOM oAR c P S D | 1950 098 6
tetanustoxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine. Rotarix, Varivax, and M-M-R II are preparations
containing live viruses.
- Which vaccination may be responsible for the development of thrombocytopenia in a four-yearold child?
a. Rotavirus vaccine
b. B. Varicella virus vaccine
c. Human Papillomavirus vaccine
d. Measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR)
Answer d. Measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR)
Rationale
Measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR) may cause transient thrombocytopenia it occurs
only rarely and is generally benign. Rotavirus vaccine carries a small risk for intussusception. Varicella
virus vaccine and human papilloma virus vaccine may cause mild effectssuch asfever and fainting. - Which is the best response to the mother of an infant who asks “My aunt said to wipe my baby’s
gums with wine to ease the pain of teething. What do you suggest?”
a. “Make sure the wine is diluted before applying to the gums”
b. Your aunt means well, but that’s not a good idea”
c. You can use a teething gel that contains benzocaine to control the pain.”
d. “Offer something to chew on, such as a rubber teether.”
Answer d. “Offersomething to chew on,such as a rubber teether.”
Rationale
Providing information is a nonjudgmental way to address unsafe childcare practices. Benzocaine can
result in methemoglobinemia, which has resulted in a warning to avoid its use in children younger
than 24 months. Alcohol ingestion is contraindicated and illegal for all children. Being judgmental
about the aunt’s approach may close communication; The nurse should offer acceptable alternatives. - Which adverse effect of heparin may be seen during pregnancy?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Severe bleeding
c. Abnormal uterine contractions
d. Suppression of uterine contractions
Answer a. Osteoporosis
Rationale
Heparin issafe for a fetus but may cause osteoporosisin a pregnant woman. Severe bleeding and
abnormal or suppress uterine contractions are not associated with heparin. - Which drug is a teratogen that may cause masculinization of a female fetus?
a. Lithium
lOM oAR c P S D | 1950 098 6
b. Danazol
c. Nitrofurantoin
d. Carbamazepine
Answer b. Danazol
Rationale
Danazol is a teratogen that may cause masculinization of a female fetus. Lithium may cause cardiac
defects. Nitrofurantoin may cause cleft lips with cleft palates. Carbamazepine may cause neural tube
defects.
- Which reply is the most accurate when the client with tuberculosis asks how long treatment will
last?
a. 1 to 2 weeks
b. 4 to 5 months
c. 6 months to 12 months
d. 3 years or longer
Answer c. 6 months to 12 months
Rationale
The tubercle bacillus is a drug-resistant organism and takes a long time to be eradicated; usually a
combination of three medications is used for a minimum of 6 months and at 6 months beyond culture
conversion. One to two weeks, or 4 to 5 months are too short a time for eradication of this organism.
Usually, the organism can be eradicated in a shorter period than 3 years, unless a resistant strain of
the bacillus has developed. - The nurse isteaching a parent of a 2-year-old toddler how to administer ear drops. In which
direction would the nurse teach the patient to gently pull the pinna?
a. Froward
b. Up and back
c. Straight back
d. Down and back
Answer d. Down and back
Rationale
In children younger than three years the eustachian tube is shorter, wider, and more horizontal.
Pulling the pinna down and back facilitates passage of the fluid, by way of gravity, to the eardrum.
Pulling the pinna forward does not help position the canal for passage of the drops to the eardrum.
Pulling the pinna up and back isthe technique used for administering ear dropsto children older than
three years and adults. Pulling the pinna straight back does not position the canal for passage of the
drops to the eardrum. - A client is to receive oral terbutaline 5 mg every 6 hours at home for preterm labor period when
would the nurse advise the client to take the medication?
a. With food