RNFA STUDY GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS 2023 QUESTIONS 500
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100%VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND
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What is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and effectiveness,
based on ethical and economic perspectives? – ANSWER- Performance
improvement is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and
effectiveness, based on ethical and economic perspectives.
What are some examples of emerging roles in the OR? – ANSWER- Emerging
roles include care coordinator, family liaison, robotics coordinator, and informatics
specialist.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on the patient’s progress in
attaining identified outcomes. – ANSWER- The evaluation phase focuses on the
patient’s progress in attaining identified outcomes.
What certification is available to perioperative nurses that demonstrates
proficiency in support of quality patient care and sets a standard of commitment to
the profession of OR nursing? – ANSWER- Certified Nurse, Operating Room
(CNOR) is the certification for perioperative nursing.
List the types of advanced practice nurses who may practice in the perioperative
environment. – ANSWER- Nurse practitioners (NPs), certified registered nurse
anesthetists (CRNAs), and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are examples of nurses
who may practice in the advanced role in the perioperative environment.
Define the phase of the nursing process concerned with the collection of relevant
data about the patient. – ANSWER- The assessment phase is associated with the
collection of relevant data about the patient.
How is a count recorded in the record when an item is missing but not located on
an X-ray? – ANSWER- Unresolved counts are documented as follows: if the X-ray
is negative, the count is recorded as incorrect, and the X-ray results are noted on
the patient’s intraoperative record. An incident/occurrence/event report should be
initiated according to institution policy.
Define the term electrolytes. – ANSWER- Electrolytes are substances in the blood
essential to transmission of nerve impulses, regulation of water distribution,
contraction of muscles, generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, needed for
cellular energy), regulation of acid-base balance, and hemostasis.
Define the term root cause analysis. – ANSWER- A root cause analysis is a
systematized process used to identify variations in performance that cause or could
cause untoward patient events.
Define the term sentinel event. – ANSWER- Sentinel events are unexpected
occurrences involving death or risk of serious physical or psychologic injury to a
patient.
Define the term active transport. – ANSWER- Active transport is the process by
which molecules are moved across a cell membrane against a concentration
gradient, with the use of external energy.
List examples of initiatives developed by the World Health Organization (WHO)
to promote patient safety. – ANSWER- The WHO has endorsed the Hand Hygiene
Initiative (Clean Care is Safer Care), the Surgical Hand Preparation guideline, and
the Surgical Safety Checklist (Safe Surgery Saves Lives).
Describe the verification steps for transfusion of blood or blood products. –
ANSWER- The circulating nurse and anesthesia provider (or a second licensed
individual) confirm the following during blood and blood product verification: (1)
The unit number on the blood product corresponds with the unit number on the
blood requisition. (2) The name, birth date, and number on the patient’s
identification band agrees with the name, birth date, and number on the slip with
the blood product. (3) The patient’s name on the blood product corresponds with
the name on the requisition. (4) The blood group indicated on the blood product
corresponds with that of the patient. (5) The date and time of expiration have not
been reached. (6) The blood product bag is free of leaks, damage, or signs of
possible bacterial contamination (e.g., presence of fine gas bubbles, discoloration,
clots or excessive air in the bag).
Define the term diffusion. – ANSWER- Diffusion is the movement of molecules
from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
List examples of physical risks to patients in the perioperative environment. –
ANSWER- Physical risks include any damaging or noxious element that comes
into contact with the patient to cause harm, such as: electrosurgical/laser beam,
pooled prep solution, glutaraldehyde retained in an endoscope, or a retained
foreign object.
Describe the steps used when weighing sponges to estimate blood loss. –
ANSWER- The procedure for weighing sponges is as follows: (1) Weigh a dry
sponge in a plastic bag, and adjust the scale to register zero. (2) Place used, bagged
sponges on the scale. (3) Record the scale reading: 1 g equals 1 mL of blood loss.
(4) Note the blood loss on the record. (5) Add subsequent weight to the preceding
weight each time sponges are weighed so that a running total blood loss, calculated
from sponges, is available. (6) Measure blood in the suction canister(s) at regular
intervals, subtracting the amount of any irrigating solution used. (7) Add the
amount of blood loss calculated from suction canisters to the total recorded from
sponges to obtain accurate blood loss estimates.
What are the key elements of informed consent? – ANSWER- During informed
consent, the patient must be informed about the proposed operation or other
invasive procedure and its inherent risks, benefits, alternatives, and complications
in terms that he or she can understand.
How are first, second, and third spacing defined? – ANSWER- First spacing is the
normal distribution of fluid in extracellular and intracellular compartments. Second
spacing refers to excess accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema), while third
spacing occurs when fluid accumulates in areas that normally have no fluid or only
a minimal amount of fluid.
Define the acronym SBAR. – ANSWER- SBAR stands for: S=Situation,
B=Background, A=Assessment, R=Recommendation.
What are the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? – ANSWER- Signs and
symptoms of a transfusion reaction include: increased intraoperative bleeding,
hyperthermia, weak pulse, hypotension, visible hemoglobinuria, vasomotor
instability, and greatly decreased or no urinary output.
Describe the minimal level of education required for an advanced practice nurse. –
ANSWER- A Master’s degree is required for advanced practice nursing.
What is the nursing model created by the Association of periOperative Registererd
Nurses (AORN) featuring domains that are in continuous interaction with the
health system and encircling the focus of perioperative nursing practice—the
patient? – ANSWER- The AORN model is referred to as the Perioperative PatientFocused Model.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by preparation for what will
or may happen and determining the priorities for care. – ANSWER- The planning
phase is characterized by preparation for what will or may happen and determining
the priorities for care.
Institutional standards are usually directive about specific actions in specific
circumstances within a facility or system. What type of standards typically provide
generalized authoritative statements that can be implemented in all settings? –
ANSWER- National standards provide generalized authoritative statements that
can be implemented in all settings.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by performing the nursing
care activities and interventions that were planned, and responding with critical
thinking and orderly action. – ANSWER- The implementation phase is
characterized by performing the nursing care activities and interventions that were
planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly action.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on identifying and classifying
data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care.
- ANSWER- The nursing diagnosis phase focuses on identifying and classifying
data collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care.
What is the expanded perioperative role characterized by handling and cutting
tissue, using instruments and medical devices, providing exposure and hemostasis,
and suturing, all as components of assisting-at-surgery behaviors? – ANSWERThe registered nurse first assistant (RNFA) is an example of an expanded
perioperative nursing role.
The AORN publication, Standards of Perioperative Nursing, is an example of what
kind of standard? – ANSWER- The AORN Standards are an example of processbased standards.
What is the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and systematic
method to collect and document the basic elements of perioperative nursing care? –