Hesi A2 A&P Practice Questions & Answers

In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?

1. Thoracic cavity

2.
Mediastinum

3.
Abdominal cavity

4.
Pelvic cavity
4.
Pelvic cavity

Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

1.
Epithelial

2.
Connective

3.
Nervous

4.
Muscle
2.
Connective

What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion?

1.
Sebaceous glands

2.
Eccrine glands

3.
Apocrine glands

4.
Endocrine glands
2.
Eccrine glands

You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures. What is the tissue?

1.
Spongy bone

2.
Compact bone

3.
Cartilage

4.
Adipose tissue
1.
Spongy bone

Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body?

1.
Chloride

2.
Sodium

3.
Calcium

4.
Magnesium
2.
Sodium

All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?

1.
Neuroglia

2.
Efferent pathways

3.
Afferent pathways

4.
Neurons
4.
Neurons

Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description? (Select all that apply.)

1.
Monocytes—become macrophages

2.
Basophils—the most common type of WBC

3.
Lymphocytes—important in immune response

4.
Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms
1, 3, and 4

Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body?

1.
Artery

2.
Vein

3.
Capillary

4.
Arteriole
3.
Capillary

In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen?

1.
Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

2.
Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

3.
Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles contract and the thorax decreases in size

4.
Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles relax and the thorax decreases in size
2.
Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs

Which are the functional units of the kidney?

1.
Ureters

2.
Glomeruli

3.
Nephrons

4.
Renal capsules
3.
Nephrons

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

1.
Diaphragm

2.
Mediastinum

3.
Liver

4.
Lungs
1.
Diaphragm

What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?

1.
Atom

2.
Organelle

3.
Cell

4.
DNA
3.
Cell

Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.)

1.
Support the body

2.
Hemopoiesis

3.
Conduct impulses

4.
Provide protection
1, 2, and 4

Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles?

1.
They are under conscious control.

2.
They are attached to the skeleton.

3.
They use ATP to energize contraction.

4.
They are striated in appearance.
1.
They are under conscious control.

Motor or __ neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS.

1.
afferent

2.
efferent

3.
central

4.
peripheral
2.
efferent

What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?

1.
Hormones

2.
Neurons

3.
Glands

4.
Second messengers
1.
Hormones

What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called?

1.
External respiration

2.
Internal respiration

3.
Inhalation

4.
Cellular respiration
1.
External respiration

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following?

1.
It is carried in solution or bound to blood proteins.

2.
It is carried on hemoglobin.

3.
It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells.

4.
It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within the plasma.
3.
It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells.

The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following?

1.
Bolus

2.
Bile

3.
Chyme

4.
Feces
3.
Chyme

What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs?

1.
Production of all cells and production of hormones

2.
Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones

3.
Production of gametes and production of hormones

4.
Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells
3.
Production of gametes and production of hormones

Which of the following statements is anatomically correct?

1. the knee is distal to the ankle
2. the heart is inferior to the diaphragm
3. the hip is proximal to the knee
4. the wrist is proximal to the elbow
5. the hip is proximal to the knee

If you wanted to separate the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity, which plane would you use?

1. sagittal
2. transverse
3. frontal
4. coronal
5. transverse

you have been given a sample of tissue that has pillar shaped cells arranged tightly together. the tissue you have is:

1. squamous epithelium
2. cuboidal epithelium
3. columnar epithelium
4. transitional epithelium
5. columnar epithelium