NURS 6531 Deck 1 FINAL EXAM REVIEW
- What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone)?
Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine
(from excess water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from
cerebral edema. - Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level?
Hypernatremia - Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is:
diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia - How would you determine the cause of a patient’s AKI who presents with decreased
urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase
from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months?
Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the
catheter. This action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria. - When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications
should be offered prior to discharge?
Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole. - Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)?
hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension - What causes Cushing syndrome?
Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous
(from adenoma or neoplasm).
- Manifestations of Cushing syndrome?
hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia. - What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary
adrenocortical insufficiency?
Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency - What is Trousseau’s sign?
A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates
hypocalcaemia. - What is Chovstek’s sign?
A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that
indicates hypocalcaemia. - What is Babinski’s sign?
An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated
with a blunt instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults. - What is Romberg’s sign?
Loss of balance in standing when eyes are closed. Usually indicating a loss of
proprioception or lesion in the cerebellum. - What is Homan’s sign?
pain on passive dorsiflexion of ankle, associated with DVT.