Pharmacology 11th Edition Linda McCuistion Test Bank
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Patient-Centered Care
McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- All of the following would be considered subjective data, EXCEPT:
a. Patient-reported health history
b. Patient-reported signs and symptoms of their illness
c. Financial barriers reported by the patient’s caregiver
d. Vital signs obtained from the medical record
ANS: D
Subjective data is based on what patients or family members communicate to the nurse. Patientreported health history, signs and symptoms, and caregiver reported financial barriers would be
considered subjective data. Vital signs obtained from the medical record would be considered
objective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - The nurse is using data collected to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable
outcomes. Which of the following steps is the nurse applying?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
c. Generate solutions (planning)
d. Take action (nursing interventions)
ANS: C
When generating solutions (planning), the nurse identifies expected outcomes and uses the
patient’s problem(s) to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes.
Recognizing cues (assessment) involves the gathering of cues (information) from the patient
about their health and lifestyle practices, which are important facts that aid the nurse in making
clinical care decisions. Prioritizing hypothesis is used to organize and rank the patient problem(s)
identified. Finally, taking action involves implementation of nursing interventions to accomplish
the expected outcomes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - A 5-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has had repeated hospitalizations for episodes of
hyperglycemia. The parents tell the nurse that they can’t keep track of everything that has to be
done to care for their child. The nurse reviews medications, diet, and symptom management with
the parents and draws up a daily checklist for the family to use. These activities are completed in
which step of the nursing process?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
c. Generate solutions (planning)
d. Take action (nursing interventions)
ANS: D
Taking action through nursing interventions is where the nurse provides patient health teaching,
drug administration, patient care, and other interventions necessary to assist the patient in
accomplishing expected outcomes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
- The nurse is preparing to administer a medication and reviews the patient’s chart for drug
allergies, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The nurse’s actions are
reflective of which of the following?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
c. Take action (nursing interventions)
d. Generate solutions (planning)
ANS: A
Recognizing cues (assessment) involves gathering subjective and objective information about the
patient and the medication. Laboratory values from the patient’s chart would be considered
collection of objective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - Which of the following would be correctly categorized as objective data?
a. A list of herbal supplements regularly used provided by the patient.
b. Lab values associated with the drugs the patient is taking.
c. The ages and relationship of all household members to the patient.
d. Usual dietary patterns and food intake.
ANS: B
Objective data are measured and detected by another person and would include lab values. The
other examples are subjective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - The nurse reviews a patient’s database and learns that the patient lives alone, is forgetful, and
does not have an established routine. The patient will be sent home with three new medications
to be taken at different times of the day. The nurse develops a daily medication chart and enlists
a family member to put the patient’s pills in a pill organizer. This is an example of which
element of the nursing process?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
c. Take action (nursing interventions) - d. Generate solutions (planning)
- ANS: C
- Taking action (nursing interventions) involves education and patient care in order to assist the
- patient to accomplish the goals of treatment.
- DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
- TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
- MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
- A patient who is hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) wants to go
home. The nurse and the patient discuss the patient’s situation and decide that the patient may go
home when able to perform self-care without dyspnea and hypoxia. This is an example of which
phase of the nursing process?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
c. Take action (nursing interventions)
d. Generate solutions (planning)
ANS: D
Generating solutions (planning) involves defining a set of interventions to achieve the most
desirable outcomes, which, for this patient, means being able to perform self-care activities
without dyspnea and hypoxia.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - A patient will be sent home with a metered-dose inhaler, and the nurse is providing teaching.
Which is a correctly written expected outcome for this process?
a. The nurse will demonstrate the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler to the patient.
b. The nurse will teach the patient how to administer medication with a metered-dose
inhaler.
c. The patient will know how to self-administer the medication using the metereddose inhaler.
d. The patient will independently administer the medication using the metered-dose
inhaler at the end of the session.
ANS: D
Expected outcomes must be patient-centered and clearly state the outcome with a reasonable
deadline and should identify components for evaluation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - The nurse is generating solutions (planning) for a patient who has chronic lung disease and
hypoxia. The patient has been admitted for increased oxygen needs above a baseline of 2 L/min.
The nurse generates an expected outcomes stating, “The patient will have oxygen saturations of
95% on room air at the time of discharge from the hospital.” What is wrong with this goal?
a. It cannot be evaluated.
b. It is not measurable.
c. It is not patient-centered.
d. It is not realistic.
ANS: D
The expected outcome is not realistic because the patient is not usually on room air and should
not be expected to attain that expected outcome by discharge from this hospitalization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
- The nurse is developing a teaching plan for an elderly patient who will begin taking an
antihypertensive drug that causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Which hypothesis
(problem) documented by the nurse is appropriate for this patient?
a. Deficient knowledge related to drug side effects.
b. Ineffective health maintenance related to age.
c. Readiness for enhanced knowledge related to medication side effects.
d. Risk for injury related to side effects of the medication.
ANS: D
This patient has an increased risk for injury because of drug side effects, so this is an appropriate
hypothesis (problem) to direct the type of care and follow-up the patient will receive.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - An older patient must learn to administer a medication using a device that requires manual
dexterity. The patient becomes frustrated and expresses lack of self-confidence in performing
this task. Which action will the nurse perform next?
a. Ask the patient to keep trying until the skill is learned.
b. Provide written instructions with illustrations showing each step of the skill.
c. Schedule multiple sessions and practice each step separately.
d. Teach the procedure to family members who can administer the medication for the
patient.
ANS: C
Nurses should be sensitive to patient’s level of frustration when teaching skills. In this case,
breaking the steps down into individual parts will help with this patient’s frustration level.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care - A school-age child will begin taking a medication to be administered at 5 mL three times daily.
The child’s parent tells the nurse that, with a previous use of the drug, the child repeatedly forgot
to bring the medication home from school, resulting in missed evening doses. What will the
nurse recommend?
a. Encourage the child to be more responsible and that it is important to take the
medication as prescribed.