Radiographic Pathology for Technologists 6th Edition by Kowalczyk TEST BANK

Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines:
   a. manifestations.
   b. pathogenesis.
   c. sign.
   d. symptom.
   ANS: B REF: p. 2
2. An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following injury
   refers to:
   a. disease.
   b. etiology.
   c. manifestations.
   d. pathogenesis.
   ANS: A REF: p. 2
3. The study of the cause of disease is termed:
   a. disease.
   b. etiology.
   c. pathogenesis.
   d. prognosis.
   ANS: B REF: p. 2
4. Common agents that cause disease include:
5. bacteria.
6. chemicals.
7. heat.
   a. 1 and 2 only
   b. 1 and 3 only
   c. 2 and 3 only
   d. 1, 2, and 3
   ANS: D REF: p. 2
8. A syndrome is best defined as:
   a. a genetic abnormality of a single protein.
   b. an adverse response to medical treatment.
   c. the patient’s perception of the disease.
   d. signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance.
   ANS: D REF: p. 2
9. An adverse response to medical treatment itself is termed:
   a. autoimmune.

b. iatrogenic.
c. idiopathic.
d. nosocomial.
ANS: B REF: p. 3

7. Prognosis refers to:
   a. diseases usually having a quick onset.
   b. the name of the particular disease.
   c. the predicted course and outcome of the disease.
   d. the structure of cells or tissue.
   ANS: C REF: p. 3
8. Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered:
   a. destructive.
   b. lytic.
   c. subtractive.
   d. all of the above.
   ANS: D REF: p. 3
9. The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines:
   a. epidemiology.
   b. incidence.
   c. prevalence.
   d. all of the above.
   ANS: A REF: p. 3
10. Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a population
    are collected and reported by the:
    a. American College of Radiology.
    b. Centers for Disease Control.
    c. Food and Drug Administration.
    d. National Center for Health Statistics.
    ANS: D REF: p. 2
11. Which of the following are leading causes of death in the United States for adults aged 45
    years and greater?
12. Heart disease
13. Malignant neoplasm
14. Polycystic kidney disease
    a. 1 and 2 only
    b. 1 and 3 only
    c. 2 and 3 only
    d. 1, 2, and 3
    ANS: A REF: p. 4
15. In 2010, health spending accounted for approximately _% of the U.S. gross domestic
    product.

a. 12
b. 17
c. 21
d. 33
ANS: B REF: p. 7

13. Each cell in the human body, except the reproductive cells, contains _ pairs of autosomal chromosomes and _ sex chromosomes.
    a. 11; 1
    b. 11; 2
    c. 22; 1
    d. 22; 2
    ANS: D REF: p. 8
14. The types of gene maps that grew out of the identification of DNA sequences include _
    maps.
15. genetic
16. SNP
17. physical
    a. 1 and 2 only
    b. 1 and 3 only
    c. 2 and 3 only
    d. 1, 2, and 3
    ANS: B REF: p. 8
18. The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of genetic
    variations of single DNA bases resulted in:
    a. the Genome Project.
    b. genetic linkage maps.
    c. haplotype mapping.
    d. physical mapping.
    ANS: C REF: p. 8
19. Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as:
    a. congenital.
    b. degenerative.
    c. genetic.
    d. metabolic.
    ANS: A REF: p. 10
20. A genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex chromosomes is
    considered:
    a. autosomal.
    b. dominant.
    c. recessive.
    d. sex linked.

ANS: A REF: p. 11

18. A protein coat surrounding a genome of either RNA or DNA without an organized cellular
    structure best describes which type of microorganism?
    a. Bacteria
    b. Fungi
    c. Virus
    d. All of the above
    ANS: C REF: p. 11
19. The ease with which a pathogenic organism can overcome the body’s defenses best describes:
    a. etiology.
    b. infection.
    c. pathogenesis.
    d. virulence.
    ANS: D REF: p. 12
20. Diseases caused by the disturbance of normal physiologic function are classified as:
    a. degenerative.
    b. metabolic.
    c. neoplastic.
    d. traumatic.
    ANS: B REF: p. 13
21. The lymph node into which the primary neoplasm drains during metastasis is termed the
    _ node.
    a. primary
    b. sentinel
    c. metastatic
    d. neoplastic
    ANS: B REF: p. 14
22. The spread of cancerous cells into surrounding tissue by virtue of the close proximity best
    describes:
    a. lymphatic spread.
    b. hematogenous spread.
    c. invasion.
    d. oncogenesis.
    ANS: C REF: p. 16
23. Cancer originating in epithelial tissue is termed:
    a. carcinoma.
    b. leukemia.
    c. lymphoma.
    d. sarcoma.
    ANS: A REF: p. 16