Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam
Review (HESI)
when maintained well, maintains skin and mucous membranes and is also essential
in reducing host susceptibility
(ANS- nutrition
pts with advanced cancer are often __
(ANS- malnourished
involves the administration of a nutrient mixture directly into a peripheral vein
(ANS- total parenteral nutrition
asymptomatic disease with mild discomfort, diarrhea, or constipation and
flatulence which can be excused for other reasons
(ANS- diverticulosis
during acute episodes, food intake should be reduced along with antimicrobial
drugs taken as needed; treated by increasing the bulk in the diet, omitting foods
such as seeds or popcorn, and encouraging regular bowel movements without
constipation
(ANS- diverticulosis
includes the pituitary gland, the two adrenal glands, the thyroid gland, the four
parathyroid glands, the endocrine portion of the pancreas, the gonads, the pineal
gland, and the thymus
(ANS- endocrine glands
secrete hormones directly into the blood, in contrast to exocrine glands that secrete
into a duct
(ANS- endocrine glands

chemical messengers that affect blood glucose levels, including insulin, glucagon,
epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone
(ANS- hormones
develops more frequently in patients with Type 2 diabetes; often the patient is an
older person with an infection or one who has overindulged in carbs, thereby using
more insulin than anticipated
(ANS- HHNC
condition may be difficult to diagnose initially; severe cellular dehydration results
in neurologic deficits, muscle weakness, difficulties with speech, and abnormal
reflexes
(ANS- HHNC
hyperglycemia and dehydration develop because of the relative insulin deficit, but
sufficient insulin is available to prevent ketoacidosis
(ANS- HHNC

1 nursing intervention with a patient who has HHNC is:

(ANS- maintain a patent airway!
low _ __ is a risk factor for osteoporosis
(ANS- bone mass
have higher risk for osteoporosis
(ANS- women
2 most critical stages of life in which osteoporosis can develop
(ANS- children and elderly
osteoporosis is common in older individuals, especially _ women with
deficiency
(ANS- postmenopausal, estrogen

activity is less effective with advancing age
(ANS- osteoblastic activity
decreased , factors, _ deficits, low vitamin , or low are all
factors of osteoporosis
(ANS- mobility, hormonal, calcium, D, protein
excessive intake is a contributor to osteoporosis (ANS- caffeine positive results of a pregnancy test are based on the presence of this (ANS- hCG some pregnancy tests can detect pregnancy as early as: (ANS- the first day following a missed period a second pregnancy test is recommended within a __ if the first test is negative
(ANS- week
this kind of pregnancy test should be performed if it is ectopic
(ANS- serum pregnancy test
this level is expected to double about every 48 hours in a normal pregnancy; if
failed to double, the pregnancy may be ectopic
(ANS- beta- hCG
administered to newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disorders
(ANS- vitamin K
the sterile gut of a newborn lacks intestinal bacteria necessary for the synthesis of
this vitamin
(ANS- vitamin K