NR 228 NUTRITION FINAL EXAM LATEST 2023-2024
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 180 QUESTIONS AND
CORRCT DETAILED ANSWERS|AGRADE
What are some food sources for Folate? – …ANSWER…leafy green veggies, legumes,
fortified grain cereals
What is Scurvy? – …ANSWER…Vitamin C deficiency, gingivitis, joint and limb aches,
bruising, death
What is the cause of Rickets? – …ANSWER…Vitamin D deficiency
What are some food sources for Vitamin D? – …ANSWER…animal related foods (butter,
egg, liver)
What are some possible complications of Iodine Deficiency? – …ANSWER…Cretinism in
pregnancy, goiter
What is viral hepatitis? – …ANSWER…inflammation of the liver cause by mono or
another viral infection
How is hep A transmitted? – …ANSWER…oral-fecal
How is Hep B transmitted? – …ANSWER…sexual contact or blood
How is Hep C transmitted? – …ANSWER…blood, saliva, semen
How is Hep D transmitted? – …ANSWER…from Hep B virus
How is Hep E transmitted? – …ANSWER…oral fecal
What is cirrhosis of the liver and what is its cause? – …ANSWER…buildup of fibrous
connective tissue from alcohol abuse, hepatitis, metabolic disorders, autoimmune
diseases
What type of diet is recommended for patients with liver cirrhosis? – …ANSWER…low
protein
What is ascites? – …ANSWER…accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity
What diet plan would a patient with ascites need to follow? – …ANSWER…low sodium
and possibly restricted fluids
What is cholecystitis? – …ANSWER…pain, tenderness, fever, fat intolerance, nausea,
heartburn, jaundice, steatorrhea
What is the recommended diet to manage pain for a patient with cholecytitis? –
…ANSWER…low fat diet
What is gastroparesis? – …ANSWER…Delayed gastric emptying causing heartburn,
nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting fullness and bezoar formation
Gastroparesis is most common with what other disease? – …ANSWER…Diabetes type
one
CAD is associated with a high _DL level? – …ANSWER…L (LDL)
What are some modifiable risk factors for CAD? – …ANSWER…hypertension, smoking,
type two diabetes, obesity, diet, steroids
Nutrition therapy for patient with or at risk for CAD? – …ANSWER…low fat
Who is most at risk for developing hypertension? – …ANSWER…African Americans
Lifestyle changes to lower blood pressure? – …ANSWER…reduce weight, decrease
alcohol intake, decrease sodium intake, stop smoking, increase activity level
What diet is used to help with hypertension? – …ANSWER…DASH
Diet for Congestive Heart Failure? – …ANSWER…Reduce Sodium intake
What is the function of Vit B12? – …ANSWER…Transport and storage of folate
What are some clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency? –
…ANSWER…pernicious anemia and CNS damage
Who is most at risk for a vitamin B12 deficiency? – …ANSWER…Vegans and
vegetarians
What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy? – …ANSWER…Vitamin C
What is macrocytic anemia? – …ANSWER…RBCs are larger than normal but don’t carry
enough hemoglobin which is required to transport oxygen
What type of diet is recommended for Hepatitis? – …ANSWER…liquid, then small meals,
high protein
What is celiac disease? – …ANSWER…Autoimmune disease with inability to digest
gluten containing grains (wheat, barley, rye)
What is a clear liquid diet? – …ANSWER…Only foods that are clear liquid at room
temperature (should not be used more than 24 hours)
What is a full liquid diet? – …ANSWER…For patients who have difficulty swallowing, and
liquids (juices)
Enteral vs Parenteral – …ANSWER…Enteral is through GI tract (nasogastric), Parenteral
is through central line
What happens to the body during starvation? – …ANSWER…It uses stored carb, protein
and fat to meet energy demands, decline in metabolic rate to prolong survival
Whats the difference between stress and starvation related weight loss? –
…ANSWER…During stress metabolic rate increases, starvation it decreases to prolong
life
Nutrition therapy for burn victims? – …ANSWER…fluid and electrolyte replacement
What foods should a patient with dumping syndrome avoid? – …ANSWER…refined
sugars, high fat
What is hepatic encephalopathy? – …ANSWER…type of brain damage resulting from
toxic ammonia buildup
What are some symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy? – …ANSWER…confusion,
change in LOC, behavior changes, personality changes
What diet is recommended for patients with hepatic encephalopathy? –
…ANSWER…high kcal (maybe low protein and push fluids)
What diet should someone with CHF follow? – …ANSWER…low sodium
What type of diet should a patient with COPD follow? – …ANSWER…increase kcal,
adequate not excessive protein, don’t overfeed
What is wasting syndrome? – …ANSWER…involuntary weight loss greater than 10% in
1 month with the presence of chronic diarrhea, weakness or fever
Nutrition therapy for someone with wasting syndrome/HIV/AIDS? –
…ANSWER…increase kcal and protein without expanding food volume