Week 3 concepts:
Compare different stages of growth and development in clients
across the lifespan.
● Development: increase in function with progressing of skills &
thinking
● 5 major components of growth & development:
○ Psychosocial: development of personality
○ Cognitive: way people think, reason & use language
○ Moral: values
○ Spiritual: religion
○ Biophysical: biosystem from cell to organ
● Erikson
○ Infants(Birth-1year)
■ Trust vs Mistrust
■ Basic trust & sense of security vs lack of trust & sense
of fear
■ Ex: breastfeeding
○ Early Childhood(18
months-3 years)
Autonomy vs Shame &
Doubt
■ Independence & self control vs dependence
■ Ex: Toilet training & parallel play
○ Late Childhood(3-5 years)
■ Initiative vs Guilt
■ Self Guidance/self discipline vs insecurity regarding
leadership
■ Ex: Discovery & Confidence, personalities develop
○ School Age(6-12 years)
■ Industry vs Inferiority
■ Your place in the world vs incompetence/low self
esteem
■ Ex: Making friends
○ Adolescence(12-20 years)
■ Identity vs Role Confusion
■ Social Alienation substance abuse, antisocial
personality disorder
■ Ex: Peer Pressure
○ Young Adults(18-
25 years)
Intimacy vs
Isolation
■ Relationships vs Fear of Commitment
○ Adulthood(25-65 years)
■ Generativity vs Stagnation
■ Career, family vs only worrying about yourself, no
progression
○ Maturity(65-death)
■ Integrity vs Despair
■ Peace of all with what was done, contentment vs regret,
bitterness
● Piaget
○ Sensorimotor(Birth to 2 years)
■ Coordination with motor response
○ Preoperational(2-7 years)
■ Symbolic thinking, imagination, intuition
○ Concrete Operational(7-11 years)
■ Solve concrete problems/understand left & right
○ Formal Operational(11-15 years)
■ Rational thinking
■ Reasoning is deductive & futuristic
○ Primary Abilities:
■ Assimilation: encounter & react to situations with
mechanisms
■ Accomodation: problem solving
■ Adaptation: coping behavior
Examine the concept of pharmacology as it relates to the role of the registered
professional nurse.
● 6 Rights
○ Right Patient
○ Right Time
○ Right Route
○ Right Medications
○ Right Documentation
○ Right to Refuse
● 2 patient identifiers
○ Name: first/last
○ Birthday: month/day/year
● 3 checks:
○ Order
○ With the patient
○ Bedside
● SUBQ Injections: fat
○ 2 fingers away from inguinal area
○ Bat wings (underneath arm)
● Intramuscular:
○ 3 fingers below acromion process
○ Window on thigh, inject on the middle
○ Ventrogluteal: filet mignon, greater trochanter & pelvis
● Intradermal:
○ Superficial skin
● IV: through vein
● Pharmacokinetics:
○ What body does to the drug
■ absorb , distribute, metabolism, excreted
○ First pass effect: metabolism of drug & passage from liver to
circulation
■ PO=first pass effect
■ IV= bypassing first pass effect
● Pharmacodynamics:
○ What drugs does to body
○ Therapeutic effect
○ Monitor side effects
● Sentinel Event: person sustains serious injuries psychological physical
death
○ Example: loss of limb or function
Discuss the concept of cellular regulation as it relates to cancer screenings and
health promotion activities of the client
● Cellular Regulation: process by which the body regulates cell
reproduction, proliferation & growth
● Related to oxygenation & perfusion
● DNA if within the nucleus of the cell, if there are any alterations could
become cancerous
● Alterations:
○ Hyperplasia: increase of number or density of cells
■ Hyperplasia of cardiac cells in response to prolonged
oxygen demand
■ Cardiomyopathy: enlarged heart
○ Metaplasia: change in normal pattern of different cells in
wrong body location, but under normal DNA control & are reversible
■ Smokers
○ Dysplasia: loss of DNA control of cell, cells have abnormal size &
shape
■ Cervical cells exposed to HIV virus
○ Anaplasia: regression of cell to immature state NOT under DNA
control
■ Malignancies
○ Cancer
■ Number 1 patient with cellular regulation issues
■ Give cancer patient any type of food they want
○ Anemia
■ Decreased RBCs
■ Check hemoglobin to know how much RBC