RN Nursing Care of Children Practice 2019 A and B ATI Complete
Solutions with Correct Answers
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has heart disease and has developed heart
failure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? – Correct Answer
Provide small, frequent meals for the child.
The metabolic rate of a child who has heart failure is high because of poor cardiac function. Therefore,
the nurse should provide small, frequent meals for the child because it helps to conserve energy.
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a Pavlik harness for the treatment of developmental
dysplasia of the hip. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the parent
indicates an understanding of the teaching? – Correct Answer “I will place my infant’s diapers under the
harness straps.”
To prevent soiling of the harness, the parent should apply the infant’s diaper under the straps.
A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI)
and has a sodium level of 129 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan? – Correct Answer Initiate seizure precautions for the child.
A sodium level of 129 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia and places the child at increased risk for
neurological deficits and seizure activity. The nurse should complete a neurologic assessment and
implement seizure precautions to maintain the child’s safety.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child immediately following a perforated appendix repair. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect? – Correct Answer Absence of peristalsis
The nurse should expect absence of peristalsis immediately following a perforated appendix repair, until
the bowel resumes functioning.
A nurse is preparing an adolescent for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take? – Correct Answer Apply topical analgesic cream to the site 1 hr prior to the procedure.
The nurse should apply a topical analgesic to the lumbar site 1 hr prior to the procedure to decrease the
adolescent’s pain while the lumbar needle is inserted.
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is receiving cefazolin via intermittent IV bolus. The child
suddenly develops diffuse flushing of the skin and angioedema. After discontinuing the medication
infusion, which of the following medications should the nurse administer first? – Correct Answer
Epinephrine
This child is most likely experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to the cefazolin. According to evidencebased practice, the nurse should first administer epinephrine to treat the anaphylaxis. Epinephrine is a
beta adrenergic agonist that stimulates the heart, causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the skin
and mucous membranes, and triggers bronchodilation in the lungs.
A nurse is teaching the parent of a preschooler about ways to prevent acute asthma attacks. Which of
the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? – Correct Answer “I
should keep my child indoors when I mow the yard.”
The nurse should instruct the parent to keep the preschooler indoors during lawn maintenance or when
the pollen count is increased. Guarding against exposure to known allergens found outdoors, such as
grass, tree, and weed pollen, will decrease the frequency of the preschooler’s asthma attacks.
A nurse is proving dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease. The nurse
should recommend that the parent offer which of the following foods to the child? – Correct Answer
White rice
The nurse should recommend that the parent offer white rice to the child because it is a gluten-free
food. The nurse should instruct the parent that the child will remain on a lifelong gluten-free diet and
the child should not consume oats, rye, barley, or wheat, and sometimes lactose deficiency can be
secondary to this disease.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a school-age child who is experiencing fatigue. Which of
the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of anemia? – Correct Answer
Hematocrit 28%
The nurse should recognize that this hematocrit level is below the expected reference range of 32% to
44% for a school-age child. The child can exhibit fatigue, lightheadedness, tachycardia, dyspnea, and
pallor due to the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity.
A nurse is preparing to collect a sample from a toddler for a sickle-turbidity test. Which of the following
actions should the nurse plan to take? – Correct Answer Perform a finger stick.
The nurse should perform a finger stick on a toddler as a component of the sickle-turbidity test. If the
test is positive, hemoglobin electrophoresis is required to distinguish between children who have the
genetic trait and children who have the disease.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has meningitis. Which of the following findings is the priority
for the nurse to report to the provider? – Correct Answer Petechiae on the lower extremities
The presence of a petechial or purpuric rash on a child who is ill can indicate the presence of
meningococcemia. This type of rash indicates the greatest risk of serious rapid complications from sepsis
and should be reported immediately to the provider.
A nurse is assessing an infant who has a ventricular septal defect. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect? – Correct Answer Loud, harsh murmur
The nurse should expect to hear a loud, harsh murmur with a ventricular septal defect due to the left-toright shunting of blood, which contributes to hypertrophy of the infant’s heart muscle.
A nurse is creating a plan of care for an infant who has an epidural hematoma from a head injury. Which
of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? – Correct Answer Implement seizure
precautions for the infant.
An infant who has an epidural hematoma is at great risk for seizure activity. Therefore, the nurse should
implement seizure precautions for the child.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who received a kidney transplant. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as an indication the adolescent is rejecting the kidney? – Correct Answer Serum
creatinine 3.0 mg/dL