CBMT Practice Test Questions &
Answers
A music therapist completes an assessment of a 3 year old with a profound
developmental disability. The child responds to music by turning their head
towards the sound consistently. The overall goal identified by the treatment
team is to increase the child’s responsiveness to the environment. What is
the music therapist’s best approach towards this goal when creating and
documenting the treatment plan?
A.
Adapt objectives from other team members.
B.
Create a hierarchy of objectives leading towards the desired outcome of
therapy.
C.
Identify antecedent behaviors that precipitate the desired behavior.
D.
Consult with family and team about the child’s music preferences and
behaviors.
(Ans- B. A hierarchy of objectives is a logical sequence of behavioral
expectations leading toward the desired outcome of therapy. Creating and
documenting a hierarchy is a key step of treatment planning.
A client is being discharged from an inpatient psychiatric unit because the
treatment team has decided the client no longer poses a danger to self or
others, and an appropriate living situation in the community is available.
When preparing the treatment summary, which of the following should the
music therapist consider?
A.
The client met treatment goals in music therapy.
B.
The client should not be discharged due to limited progress in music
therapy.
C.
The client should have a follow-up plan that addresses stressors that
precipitated hospitalization.
D.
The client takes prescribed medications so community reintegration should
be successful.
(Ans- C. Patients may confront stressors that prompted them to seek
inpatient care in the first place. Music therapists can work to help create a
follow-up plan that proactively plans for discharge and takes these
stressors into account (Silverman, 2015).
The team member who is BEST positioned to enable a successful
transition to the community following discharge from an adult behavioral
health setting is the
A.
patient.
B.
psychiatrist.
C.
social worker.
D.
music therapist.
(Ans- A. In order to successfully transition to the community from a
behavioral health unit, the patient is encouraged to be involved in their
treatment and independently use resources in the community.
A child with ADHD has been referred to a music therapist for an
assessment. The child’s mother requested that the child be placed in a
group setting to work on social interaction. During assessment, the child
demonstrates extreme difficulty with movement and emotional regulation.
Based on the assessment observations, which of the following is the music
therapist’s BEST action?
A.
Provide the child with group therapy placement to offer opportunities for
regulation needs.
B.
Place the child in a group therapy environment to provide social interaction.
C.
Recommend the child receive individual sessions to address regulation
needs before group placement.
D.
Determine the child would not benefit from music therapy at this time.
(Ans- C. Using individual therapy first to address the emotional and
movement regulation needs is the best approach. Once progress is made
on an individual basis, group placement may be appropriate.
Which of the following activities involves assessment of a client’s
functioning level in the area of sensory skills?
A.
playing a triangle to a steady beat
B.
sight-reading song lyrics
C.
selecting a piano melody
D.
music listening as a part of music-assisted relaxation
(Ans- A. Sensory integration is required by the eye-hand coordination
needed to hold the beater and strike the triangle.
A group of 25 to 36-month-old toddlers gather for a weekly music and
movement group. To learn an entire dance routine, the music therapist sets
a storybook to music. Dance movements are introduced one at a time, and
assigned to each page as the story is sung/read. Which of the following
techniques is being used to integrate movement with music?
CBMT Practice Questions & Answers
1.
A 17 year old is demonstrating a sudden decline in grades, increased
unexcused absences, and inability to concentrate when in school. Facial
affect has changed from friendly to flat. When approached, the student
states he is fine. Reports indicate the client responds to music, so a music
therapy referral is requested. To assess possible causes of the change in
behavior, a music therapist should FIRST
A.observe the student in other classes.
B. discuss concerns with the guidance counselor.
C. identify current stressors in the student’s life.
D. review the student’s Individualized Education Plan (IEP).
(Ans- C. identify current stressors in the student’s life.
2.
A music therapist is using ballroom dancing to facilitate intimacy in a
relationship between a client, who has dementia, and his wife. During a
session, the client’s favorite big-band music is played, but he is having
difficulty standing up and dancing with his wife. The BEST intervention
would be to recommend that the wife
A. watch a big-band dance video with her husband.
B. sing to her husband as they sit facing one another.
C. hold her husband’s hands and move in time to the music.
D. sit silently next to her husband while they listen to the music.
(Ans- C. hold her husband’s hands and move in time to the music.
3.
A 52-year-old woman hospitalized for ovarian cancer requests music
therapy to help her relax and sleep. During the initial session conducted at
bedtime, the client shares her fears and life story before the use of any
music intervention. After validating the client’s feelings, the BEST direction
for the music therapist to take is to
A. discuss favorite songs important to the client’s life.
B. improvise soft guitar music to help the client go to sleep.
C. compose a song together reflecting the client’s disclosure.
D. close the session and bring the client’s favorite music to follow-up visits.
(Ans- B. improvise soft guitar music to help the client go to sleep.
4.
A music therapist has been jointly treating a client with vascular dementia
and the client’s daughter, once a week for one hour. Recently, the client
has become more withdrawn, presenting with a reduced emotional
response and increased passivity. Despite changes, the daughter
continues to encourage the client to be active and engaged, yet the client is
agitated and combative. Which of the following is the music therapist’s
BEST response?
A. Continue treatment using the music to address agitation and
combativeness.
B. Discontinue treatment as the client’s passivity will increase with disease
progression.
C. Remove the daughter from the music therapy session immediately.
D. Re-evaluate the session length and interventions used during music
therapy sessions.
(Ans- D. Re-evaluate the session length and interventions used during
music therapy sessions.
5.
When completing a behavioral assessment, information relating ONLY to
behaviors observed, not interpretation, is considered
A. subjective.
B. irrelevant.
C. prejudicial.
D. objective.
(Ans- D. objective.
6.
A 7-year-old girl with a severe developmental disability is receiving music
therapy in a residential setting. She is nonverbal and prone to be fearful
and anxious in new situations. When brought into the therapy room for her
first session, she actively resists and begins to cry. The music therapist,
working in an improvisational model, might do which of the following?
- Meet the child by playing music to express the intensity of her crying.2.
Reflect the child’s sound and breathing with careful musical phrasing.3.
Comfort the child by holding and rocking her while singing soothing lyrics.4.
Sing without words so the child hears another voice that corresponds to
how she is feeling.
A. 1, 2, and 3 only
B. 1, 2, and 4 only
C. 1, 3, and 4 only
D. 2, 3, and 4 only
(Ans- B. 1, 2, and 4 only
7.
“Since her admission, Mary has spent most of her time in her room and has
not participated in unit activities.” Under which assessment domain would
this statement MOST likely be found?
A. psychosocial
B. emotional
C. communicative
D. sensorimotor
(Ans- A. psychosocial
8.
When playing a familiar song with a young client, which of the following
therapeutic exercises will MOST effectively increase sustained attention?
A. altering note order
B. varying key signature
C. changing note duration
D. modifying time signature
(Ans- C. changing note duration
9.
The last portion of a music therapy SOAP note discusses which of the
following?
A. progress summary
B. physician’s recommendations
C. plan for treatment
D. provider’s assessment
(Ans- C. plan for treatment
10.
A song on the guitar in the key of C needs to be transposed to the key of
Eb. Using first position fingering in the key of C, the therapist needs to
place the capo on the
A. 2nd fret.
B. 3rd fret.
C. 5th fret.
D. 7th fret.
(Ans- B. 3rd fret.
11.
Evidence-based practice (EBP) principles require music therapists to take
which of the following into account when planning treatment?
CBMT Practice Exam: Questions &
Answers
A 6 year old client is incredibly social, afraid of the sound of a vacuum, and
is small for their age. What may be their diagnosis?
A. Rett Syndrome
B. Autism Spectrum Disorder
C. Williams Syndrome
D. Disintegrative Disorder
(Ans- C. Williams Syndrome
A client during music therapy brings up that they feel “odd” around a
coworker. They share distinct examples of them feeling “odd” with lots of
descriptive details. What type of thinking is this?
A. Concrete Thinking
B. Abstract Thinking
C. Logical Thinking
D. Magical Thinking
(Ans- A. Concrete Thinking
Your objective reads: “A client will play the guitar for a total of 10 minutes
during a music therapy session.” Which measuring tool are you utilizing?
A. Interval
B. Continuous
C. Frequency
D. Duration
(Ans- D. Duration
In a music therapy session, the therapist focuses on improvisation. The
therapist plays a chord and allows the client to freely associate verbally and
then musically. What type of psychological theory is the therapist mostly
likely pulling from?
A. Psychodynamic Theory
B. Behavioral Theory
C. Cognitive-Behavioral Theory
D. Holistic Theory
(Ans- A. Psychodynamic Theory
You brought a timer with you to the therapy session. The timer is set to go
off every 5 minutes in order to measure the amount of times your client
plays the guitar. What kind of measurement are you using?
A. Continuous
B. Interval
C. Frequency
D. Duration
(Ans- B. Interval
If a client has difficulty swallowing, which disorder do they most likely have?
A. Aphasia
B. Dysphagia
C. Dysarthria
D. Ataxia
(Ans- B. Dyphagia
A teenage client is referred to music therapy for anger management.
During the assessment, the client shares that he is angry about having to
come to therapy, and states that he enjoys heavy metal music. The
therapist does not feel as though they are able to adequately play heavy
metal music, and dislikes the genre. The BEST action for the therapist is to
A. Explain to the client that heavy metal would make him angry, and is
therefore counterproductive
B. Familiarize herself with heavy metal music, and bring in receptive or recreative music sessions
C. Explain to the client that she is unable to play heavy metal, and
encourage them to choose something else
D. Expose the client to a new genre in hopes to improve their musical
appreciation to new styles
(Ans- B. Familiarize herself with heavy metal music, and bring in receptive
or re-creative music sessions.
Which of the following examples shows professional development as a
therapist?
A. Conduct research, continue your education, and collaborate with
colleagues
B. Document treatment plans, collaborate with others, and expand musical
repertoire
C. Participate in continuing education, comply with safety protocols, and
review current research
D. Participate in research set professional goals, and maintain
confidentiality with clients
(Ans- A. Conduct research, continue your education, and collaborate with
colleagues
At the conclusion of treatment, the music therapist should document all of
the following EXCEPT:
A. Termination plan
B. Follow-up procedures
C. Client’s current functioning level
D. Client’s family history
(Ans- D. Client’s family history
During a music therapy session in a psychiatric facility, clients express their
grief and mixed emotions concerning a recent suicide in the facility. The
music therapist should FIRST
A. Provide a relaxation experience to redirect the clients’ attention
B. Compose a song to honor the lost life
C. Validate and normalize the group member’s response through music
D. Engage the group in songwriting about suicide prevention
(Ans- C. Validate and normalize the group’s responses through music
A client with a diagnosis of dementia is withdrawn and appearing unaware
of what is going on around them. The music therapist is attempting to
CBMT Exam: Questions & Answers
This approach addresses gait dysfunctions that stimulate music perception
and pair it with motor responses
(Ans – Neurological Approach
This approach identifies behaviors, replaces negative inaccurate thoughts,
and changes the rewards for positive behaviors
(Ans – Behavioral Approach
This approach believes that people have an ordered set of needs that must
be fulfilled in order to achieve personal growth
(Ans – Humanistic Approach
This approach uses play, and specifically looks at how a child is developing
during the most significant period of development.
(Ans – Developmental Approach
Dysphagia
(Ans – The inability to swallow, a feeding disorder
Ataxia
(Ans – The lack of voluntary muscle movement
Dyspnea
(Ans – Shortness of breath
The theory that personalities are shaped and motivated by conscious and
unconscious forces, with a strong influence from childhood experiences
(Ans – Psychodynamic Theory
The theory that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding
thought processes
(Ans – Cognitive Theory
The theory that assumes that the whole person is continually being
motivated by one need or another and that people have the potential to
grow toward psychological health that is, self-actualization
(Ans – Holistic Theory
The theory that focuses on a person as a unique being as well as the
choices that they can currently make empowering them to take
responsibility for their well-being
(Ans – Existential Theory
What is the modal D tuning and what music is it most commonly found in?
(Ans –
D-A-D-G-A-D
Celtic, English & Iris Folk music
What is open G tuning and what music is it most commonly found in?
(Ans –
D-G-D-G-B-D
Folk & Blues music
What is modal G tuning and what music is it most commonly found in?
(Ans –
D-G-D-G-C-D
Celtic, Rock & Heavy Metal music
What is open D tuning and what guitar is it most popular with?
(Ans –
D-A-D-F#-A-D
Slide guitars
What is one of the easiest alternative guitar tunings to play?
(Ans – Open G tuning
Mode that is the same as natural minor
(Ans – Aeolian
Mode that is a major scale
(Ans – Ionian
Mode that is a major scale with a raised 4th
(Ans – Lydian
Recording that counts the number of occurrences of behavior
(Ans – Frequency recording
Recording that measures how long a behavior lasts
(Ans – Duration recording
Recording where frequency behaviors are measured in short-time intervals
(Ans – Interval recording
The four components of a SOAP note
(Ans –
Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
The immediate impression from sensory information after stimuli are
presented
(Ans – Sensory memory
Unconscious memory for skills and tasks
(Ans – Procedural memory
Short term memory for information just acquired
(Ans – Working memory
Music Therapy CBMT Exam
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA)
(Ans- Originally passed by Congress in 1975 and reauthorized several
times, most recently in 2004, the IDEA specifies the procedures for insuring
that all children with disabilities receives a free appropriate education in the
least restrictive environment possible. It also includes requirements for
parental involvement and due process procedures when parents or
guardians disagree with a school’s decision regarding their child.
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
(Ans- The federal special education law (IDEA) requires that an IEP be
developed by a team for each student receiving special education services.
The IEP must contain a statement of the student’s present levels of
educational performance, annual goals related to areas of deficit, shortterm objective describing the intermediate steps to the annual goals,
criteria and procedures for determining the achievement of the objectives,
and educational services to be provided to the student. Any changes to a
student’s IEP must be agreed upon by the entire IEP team. Changes
cannot be made unilaterally by one individual.
Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)
(Ans- A plan, similar to an IEP, by designed for young children (under 3
years of age) and their families. An IFSP is somewhat broader than an IEP
in that it also specifies services and resource to be provided to the entire
family in support of the child with disabilities.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
(Ans- A legal term from the IDEA that specifies that students with
disabilities must be educated as close to the same environment as their
typical (nondisabled) peers. It is this provision on which inclusion is based.
Manifestation Determination
(Ans- A determination that a student’s inappropriate behavior is not a
result, or manifestation, of his or her disability. This is usually determined in
a hearing and is required when a student’s behavior violates school rules
and before the school can undertake disciplinary action that might result in
a student’s suspension from school.
Mnemonics
(Ans- The use of memory-enhancing strategies or cues to remember
something. This might include such things as rhymes, visualization or
acronyms.
Nonverbal Learning Disabilities
(Ans- Refers to individuals who have a cluster of disabilities in social
interaction, math, visual-spatial and tactual tasks.
Peer Tutoring
(Ans- A method used to integrate students with disabilities into general
education settings. It is based on research that demonstrates that students
can effectively tutor one another. It maximizes active student engagement
with an academic task and can also improve social and communication
skills. One particularly effective form is Classwide Peer Tutoring (CWPT).
Positive Behavioral Support (PBS)
(Ans- Using methods and techniques that support desirable and
appropriate behavior rather than punishing undesirable or inappropriate
behavior. It usually consists of determining what types of reinforcers would
promote appropriate student behavior and then using those reinforcers to
help the student engage in that behavior.
Seizure
(Ans- A sudden alternation of consciousness, usually accompanied by
motor activity and/or sensory phenomena, caused by an abnormal
discharge of electrical energy in the brain.
Spina Bifida
(Ans- A congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal
column to close completely during fetal development. It may occur
anywhere from the head to the lower end of the spine. Because the spinal
column is not closed, the spinal card can protrude, resulting in damage to
the nerves and paralysis and/or lack of function or sensation below the site
of the defect.
Stereotypic Behaviors
(Ans- Any of a variety of repetitive behaviors that are sometimes found in
individuals who are have autism, blindness, or who are severely mentally
retarded. May include such things as rubbing eyes, hand flapping, swaying
from side to side, etc.
Supported Employment
(Ans- A method of integrating people with disabilities who cannot work
independently into competitive employment. Includes the use of a job
coach who helps the person with disabilities train for and succeed on the
job.
Systematic Instruction
(Ans- Teaching that involves instructional prompts, consequences, or
reinforcement, for performance, and transfer of stimulus control. It is
usually used with individuals with mental retardation.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
(Ans- An injury through the brain due to an accident (not conditions present
at birth, birth trauma, or degenerative disease). Results in total or partial
disability that affects educational performance. It may affect any or all areas
of cognition, language, memory, attention, judgment, motor skills, behavior,
emotions, problem solving, or speech. Because as the brain heals the
symptoms will change over time TBI requires close communication among
education, medical and other professionals, and parents/guardians.
Individual Transition Plan (ITP)
(Ans- The IDEA requires that, no later than age 16 (or earlier if
appropriate), each student’s IEP should contain a statement of needed
transition services. In addition, the ITP must include a statement of linkages
and responsibilities for each appropriate agency for provide those services.
The intent is to have a plan in place to facilitate the individual’s successful
transition from the school setting to the community.
Job Coach
(Ans- A person who assists workers with disabilities to be successful in a
job setting. A job coach provides vocational assessment, instruction,
planning, interaction and communication assistance with employers, and
other services to support the individual in a job.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
(Ans- The ADA is a civil rights law for persons with disabilities to protect
them from discrimination in a wide range of activities, such as employment,
transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications. This is
not the primary law that provides protection and safeguards educational
rights of students in schools. That law is the IDEA.
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Education Act
(Ans- Signed into law in 1998, this law provides federal funds for
occupationally-relevant equipment, vocational curriculum materials,
materials for learning labs, curriculum development or modification, staff
development, career counseling and guidance activities, efforts for
academic-vocational integration, supplemental services for special
populations, hiring vocational staff, remedial classes, and expansion of tech
prep programs. In special education its primary benefit is that it requires
schools, and distributes funds, to provide vocational training, planning and
placement for students with special needs.
Applied Behavior Analysis
(Ans- An approach often used with children with autism, although it can be
used for other purposes as well. It breaks a skill or task down into smaller
CBMT Exam Music Therapy Boards
Study Guide
Psychodynamic Approach
(Ans –
-Human behavior is based on unconscious psychological processes
(impulses, desires, motives)
-Early childhood events
Eclectic Approach
(Ans –
-Draw freely from all approaches without accepting the frameworks behind
them
-Goal: more efficient treatment
Behavioral Approach
(Ans –
-Meant to change behavior
-Classical/operant conditioning
-ABA: applied behavioral analysis (autism)
-Positive/negative reinforcement
-Punishment and Reward
Episodic Memory
(Ans – long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time
and place that can be stated
Semantic Memory
(Ans – Common knowledge, not from personal experience
Working Memory
(Ans – Short/temporary while performing task/learning
Procedural Memory
(Ans – Long-term memory of how to perform different tasks without
consciously thinking about previous experience
Explicit Memory
(Ans – Intentional recollection of long-term memory
Implicit Memory
(Ans – Long-term unconscious memory
Reframing
(Ans – Identifying thoughts and changing the way they’re viewed
Experimental Group Design
(Ans – Employ scientific methods to test a hypothesis and control
experimental variables in a controlled manner
Locus of Control
(Ans – the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or
do not have control over events and consequences in their lives
Internal Locus
(Ans –
-Control your own fate
-Effort has direct impact on success
External Locus
(Ans –
-No control of own fate
-Luck or fate
-No connection between effort and success
Assimilation
(Ans
- -Jean Piaget
-Incorporating new ideas into existing ideas
Accommodation
(Ans –
-Jean Piaget
-Concepts/schema are modified or new ones created to accommodate new
knowledge
-Relates to how young children integrate new info with things they already
know to gain a better understanding of concepts and other knowledge
Stereotypic Behavior
(Ans - -Variety of behaviors typical in individuals who have autism, blindness,
etc.
-Ex: flapping hands, swaying side to side, etc.
Early Intervening
(Ans –
-Included in 2004 reauthorization of IDEA
-Allows/encourages schools to provide intervention to struggling services,
even before they’ve been identified as special education
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
(Ans –
-Form of behavior modification that uses shaping techniques (in small
steps) to mold a desired behavior or response
-Prompting and reinforcements gradually decrease
-Used commonly with autism, but is used with other disorders too
CBMT Exam Study Guide
data-based model
(Ans- An approach based on information retrieved through experimentation
or direct observation
reversal design (ABAB design)
(Ans- A single subject, applied behavior analysis design which generally
involves observing behavior during baseline, treatment, a return to
baseline, and treatment reapplied.
Psychodynamic treatment model
(Ans- By Freud; unconscious material is root of problems, focuses on
analysis of thought; free association and Rorschach test
Biomedical treatment model
(Ans- biological factors are the underlying cause of disorders
successive approximations
(Ans- Behaviors which gradually resemble the target behavior or terminal
objective
schedule of reinforcement
(Ans- The behavioral requirements for a reinforcing stimulus to be
delivered. Schedules may be fixed or variable based on interval or ratio
criteria
Fading
(Ans- The gradual removal of all explicit prompts or cues in an attempt to
maintain the behavior on its own
Holistic theory
(Ans- Evaluation of emotional, physical, spiritual, psychological, and social
dimensions because all make up the whole person
Behavioral treatment model
(Ans- By Skinner. All behaviors are learned, so all behaviors can be
unlearned or replaced by new behaviors. Task analysis and reinforcement
schedule
reinforcement schedule
(Ans- fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, variable interval
classical conditioning
(Ans- Pavlovian technique pairing neutral stimulus with a meaningful
stimulus
randomized group design
(Ans- Experimental design that randomly assigns subjects to treatment or
control conditions to compare performance
occipital lobe
(Ans- Region of the cerebral cortex that processes vision and perception
Monoplegia
(Ans- paralysis of one limb
Paraplegia
(Ans- paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
Quadriplegia
(Ans- paralysis of all four limbs
hallucination
(Ans- Perception of sensory input, often sounds or tactile sensations, which
are not occurring in reality
Frequency recording
(Ans- Records number of times a target behavior occurs
Duration Recording
(Ans- Recording technique that measures how long a particular behavior
lasts during a given period
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
(Ans- Individualized plan for children with disabilities who qualify for
special education services; functions as blueprint for determining best
possible educational program for each child
Primary aging
(Ans- Systematic, genetically determined decline in efficiency of body’s
organ systems
accountability
(Ans- Process by which one is responsible and answerable for obligation to
a set of constituencies
parallel play
(Ans- Characterizes a stage of development in which very young children
will play beside each other but not engage in social interaction
Discrimination
(Ans- Ability to tell difference between stimuli
DAP
(Ans- Standardized form of note taking. Data, assessment, plan
SOAP
(Ans- Standardized form of note taking. Subjective, objective, assessment,
plan
MMPI
(Ans- The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Assesses
personality traits and psychopathology. Primarily used for diagnosis