WEB WOC Seminars Test |
Questions and Answers 2023
Dermal Cells: Mast cells, Macrophages, & Lymphocytes – Correct
Answer – Cells involved in immune surveillance
Dermal appendages – Correct Answer – Hair follicles, sebaceous
glands, sweat glands, nails
Emollients – Correct Answer – soften skin an provide lipids (i.e.
silicone, dimethicone, lanolin, ceramide
Humectants – Correct Answer – add water to skin (i.e. urea, lactic
acid, glycerin)
Moisture Associated Skin Damage (MASD) – Correct Answer –
inflammation and erosion of the skin caused by prolonged
exposure to various sources of moisture
Intertriginous Dermatitis (ITD) – Correct Answer – a type of
MASD, inflammation and skin erosion involving body folds and
friction of skin to skin
Peristomal MASD (PMASD) – Correct Answer – Inflammation and
denudation of the peristomal skin associated with effluent
exposure such as urine or stool
Periwound MASD (PWMASD) – Correct Answer – inflammation
and erosion of the skin around a chronic wound associated with
sustained contact of wound exudate
Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD) – Correct Answer – a
type of MASD, inflammation caused by the prolonged exposure to
urine, feces, or dual incontinence
How often does epidermal turnover occur? – Correct Answer –
Every 26-42 days
Epidermal Cells: Keratinocytes – Correct Answer – Produce
keratin, make of 80% of the epidermis
Epidermal Cells: Melanocytes – Correct Answer – Determine the
color of the skin
Epidermal Cells: Langerhans Cells – Correct Answer – Assist
with skin immune system
Epidermal Cells: Merkel Cells – Correct Answer – Provide tactile
reception, produce nerve growth factor
WEB WOC Quiz Questions and
Answers Graded A+ 2023
What is the primary function of intact skin?
a. Protective barrier
b. Enhance body image
c. Communication
d. Vitamin D synthesis – Correct Answer – a. Protective barrier
What is the benefit in the skin maintaining an acid mantle (pH 4.5-
6.5)?
a. Promotes skin hydration
b. Increases TEWL (trans-epidermal water loss)
c. Retards growth of skin pathogens
d. Promotes skin elasticity – Correct Answer – c. Retards growth
of skin pathogens
How does age alter the skin’s epidermal turnover or process of
differentiation?
a. Prolongs the rate of cell turnover (>28 days)
b. Reduces the rate of cell turnover (<28 days) c. Doesn’t affect the rate of cell turnover d. Accelerates turnover to 5 days or less – Correct Answer – a. Prolongs the rate of cell turnover (>28 days)
Which cells located in the dermis produce collagen (dermal
building blocks) and elastin (tensile strength)?
a. Leukotrienes
b. Mast cells
c. Macrophages
d. Fibroblasts – Correct Answer – d. Fibroblasts
Structures of the dermis include:
a. Collagen, melanocytes, keratinocytes, & sweat (sebaceous)
glands
b. Fat, vasculature, hair follicles, & melanocytes
c. Connective tissue, fat, keratinocytes, & elastin proteins
d. Collagen, elastin proteins, hair follicles, sweat (sebaceous)
glands – Correct Answer – d. Collagen, elastin proteins, hair
follicles, sweat (sebaceous) glands
The functions of the hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) include:
a. Cushions, insulates and protects against invading infection
b. Insulates, contributes to the sense of touch, and provides color
c. Cushions, insulates and adds to the mobility of the skin over
underlying structures
d. Provides elasticity to the skin, protects from UV ray damage,
and provides cushion – Correct Answer – c. Cushions, insulates
and adds to the mobility of the skin over underlying structures
Which layer of soft tissue is most vulnerable to pressure over a
bony prominence?
a. Hypodermis
b. Subcutaneous
c. Dermis
d. Muscle – Correct Answer – d. Muscle
Diabetes causes increased risk for skin:
a. Bacterial and fungal infections
b. Itching and increased blood flow
c. Overhydration and reduced epidermal turnover time
d. Sweating and decreased folliculitis – Correct Answer – a.
Bacterial and fungal infections
What is the definition of MASD?
a. Skin damage caused by prolonged exposure to various
sources of moisture
b. Skin damage that is due to stripping action while cleansing the
skin with soap and water
c. Skin damage due to radiation dermatitis
d. Skin damage due to infiltration of medication – Correct Answer
- a. Skin damage caused by prolonged exposure to various
sources of moisture
MASD (Moisture Associated Skin Damage) affects what part of
the skin or cell function?
WEB WOC Questions and
Answers 2023 Latest
An essential component of an initial assessment – Correct
Answer – 7-14 day bowel diary
Dementia will impact a patients bm’s because – Correct Answer –
Lessened ability to respond to the sensation of rectal fullness
Compliance of the rectum essential mechanism for bowel
continence – Correct Answer – Cause of episodes of difficulty
controlling his stool after having pelvic radiation for prostate
cancer
25-38 grams of fiber per day – Correct Answer – how much fiber
per day?
Rectal mucosa is inflamed with compromises rectal compliance –
Correct Answer – Effects of inflammatory bowel disease
Chronic constipation – Correct Answer – Spinal injury S2-S4 what
type of bowel dysfunction
Parasympathetic nervous system spinal injuries – Correct
Answer – S2-S4
With chronic constipation, you should assess for a ? – Correct
Answer – Anal Wink
Type of diarrhea a patient who abuses laxitives has – Correct
Answer – Mixed
Travel diarrhea – Correct Answer – Secretory
Reflexively relaxes by rectal filling – Correct Answer – Internal
anal sphincter
The reflex that allows an individual to differentiate among stool,
liquid and gas is the – Correct Answer – Sampling Reflex
Complains of loss of gas and occasional liquid stool is what type
of fecal incontinence? – Correct Answer – Flatus incontinence
and internal anal sphincter damage
Unintentional weight loss – Correct Answer – Requires referral
Bowel motility can be negatively affected by – Correct Answer –
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy and Parkinson’s
SCI causing constipation – Correct Answer – S2-S4
Parasympathetic system controls peristalsis
What provides most info about the pelvic floor musculature –
Correct Answer – Digital rectal exam
Primary surgical repair for fecal incontinence is done when –
Correct Answer – Traumatic injury to sphincters
WEB WOC Ostomy Care Quiz
Questions | Answered |
Guaranteed A+
Gary is experiencing a recurrence of his Crohn’s Disease. Which
of the following symptoms is Gary most likely experiencing?
Select one:
a. Obstructive abdominal pain.
b. Absence of perianal disease.
c. Bloody stools with proctitis.
d. Vomiting. – Correct Answer – a. Obstructive abdominal pain.
The patient with ulcerative colitis will commonly exhibit:
Select one:
a. Oral ulcerations.
b. Significant abdominal pain.
c. Superficial mucosal involvement.
d. Fistula formation. – Correct Answer – c. Superficial mucosal
involvement.
When you read in the postoperative surgical report that the stoma
was primarily matured, you can expect which of the following?
Select one:
a. The stoma will be opened at the bedside with electrocautery.
b. The stoma has been present for at least 3 months.
c. The stoma is ready for sutures at the mucocutaneous junction
to be removed.
d. The bowel was everted and sutured to the dermal surface
during surgery. – Correct Answer – d. The bowel was everted and
sutured to the dermal surface during surgery.
Which of the following groups of medications is used in the
medical management of Crohn’s disease?
Select one:
a. Corticosteroids and immune suppressants.
b. Anticholinergics and anti-emetics.
c. Antidepressants and antibiotics.
d. Immune suppressants and antidepressants. – Correct Answer
- a. Corticosteroids and immune suppressants.
Which of the following statements about Crohn’s disease and/or
ulcerative colitis is true?
Select one:
a. Both Crohn’s Disease and ulcerative colitis are characterized
by patchy mucosal involvement and skip lesions.
b. Crohn’s Disease is limited to the colon and rectum.
c. Ulcerative colitis is characterized by transmural involvement of
the bowel wall.
d. Ulcerative colitis begins in the rectal area and progresses
backward toward the ileocecal valve. – Correct Answer – d.
Ulcerative colitis begins in the rectal area and progresses
backward toward the ileocecal valve.
You are consulted to see a patient who has just been diagnosed
with low rectal cancer located distal to the dentate line. You will
prepare teaching materials to cover content areas related to
which of the following surgical procedures?
Select one:
a. Low anterior resection (LAR).
b. Abdominoperineal resection (APR).
c. Total proctocolectomy (TPC).
d. Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA or IAR). – Correct Answer
- b. Abdominoperineal resection (APR).
Pneumatosis is a radiologic finding associated with:
Select one:
a. Hirschsprung’s disease.
b. Gut Malrotation.
c. Diverticulitis.
d. Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC). – Correct Answer – d.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC).
When preparing a 35-year-old male for colon resection with a
temporary ileostomy due to refractory Crohn’s disease, he asks
about sexual function after surgery. You explain that this
procedure involves:
WEB WOC Continence Care | Questions
and Answers | Latest 2023
Passive incontinence – Correct Answer – the leakage of mucus,
liquid, or solid stool without awareness by the individual that any
stool has been passed
Urge incontinence – Correct Answer – sudden urge to defecate
without being able to hold in stool long enough to reach the
bathroom before defecation occurs
Flatus incontinence – Correct Answer – the involuntary passing of
gas or small amounts of stool and may be the first sign of fecal
incontinence development
Bristol stool scale – Correct Answer – A reporting tool used to
document the shape and consistency of stool
Anorectal manometry – Correct Answer – Measures pressure
within the anal canal during rest, contraction and relaxation. This
test localizes and quantifies sphincter deficits by evaluating
squeeze and relaxation of the IAS and EAS
Electromyography – Correct Answer – Neurologic exam of pelvic
floor muscles and nerves that control anal & rectal muscles using
either surface or needle electrodes. Evaluates anal incontinence
due to disruption of the EAS from neuropathic or traumatic injury
Defecography – Correct Answer – the radiographic examination
of the operation of the defecation process under fluoroscopy. A
thickened barium contrast putty is injected into the rectum and
then excreted by the patient while the radiologist looks on
Used to diagnosis functional problems dealing with rectal
evacuation
Endoanal ultrasound – Correct Answer – Sonographic probe (no
larger than examining finger) provides transducer emitting sound
waves creating an image of organ structure. Used to determine
anal anatomic integrity and identify structural abnormalities of the
IAS/EAS for incontinence issues
MRI – Correct Answer – A more accurate test than EAUS in
determining defects , asymmetry, and thickness of sphincter
muscles
Motility studies – Correct Answer – Radiopaque Contrast
materials are ingested. With the use of endoscopy or radiographic
exams these markers are followed through the GI tract to
determine their progression. These exams aid to differentiate
between normal transit and slow transit constipation
4 causes of fecal incontinence – Correct Answer – 1: altered stool
consistency and volume
2: alterations in ability to recognize rectal filling and rectal
contents
3: compromised sphincter function
4: compromised rectal capacity and compliancEncopresis – Correct Answer – a disorder characterized by
repeated stool evacuation in inappropriate places in children over
the age of four
Primary: children who never reached continence
Secondary: children who reached continence for at least a year
and are now relapsed
Sympathetic nervous system role – Correct Answer –
involuntary
When the rectum is empty, the SNS inhibits the contraction of the
rectal wall, and contracts the internal anal sphincter (IAS) to
prevent leakage
Parasympathetic nervous system role – Correct Answer – when
the rectum is filled post mass transit, it stretches and the PNS
sends information to the CNS to coordinate bowel elimination.
The rectum then contracts in conjunction with the ENS and the
IAS relaxes. Feces then moves down the anal canal to the
external anal sphincter (EAS)