PTS CANFITPRO THEORY EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL
EXAM 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A
What are sarcomeres? – ….ANSWER…the basic unit of muscle contraction. each one
comprised of two types of protein: a thin filament called actin and a thick one called
myosin.
How does a muscle contract? – ….ANSWER…the individual myofilament protein strands
within the myofibrils are organized longitudinally along the length of the muscle cell and
interact to allow contraction.
what must happen for a muscle to shorten? – ….ANSWER…its cells must covert energy
(ATP) into mechanical work (contraction).
Two parts of the nervous system – ….ANSWER…central nervous system and peripheral
nervous system
what are neurons? – ….ANSWER…they are nerve cells that that transport nerve signals
through out the body. there are two kinds: sensory and motor.
carry information and sensations from the body and environment to the CNS –
….ANSWER…sensory neurons
carry information from the CNS to the muscles to create a response or movement. –
….ANSWER…motor neurons
what is a motor unit? – ….ANSWER…a single neuron together with the muscle fibres it
commands.
Proprioceptors – ….ANSWER…Sensory receptors, located in the muscles, joints and
tendons that provide information to the CNS to perform coordinated movement and
maintain muscle tone.
What are muscle spindles? – ….ANSWER…a type of proprioceptor that consists of
several modified muscle enclosed in a blanket of connective tissue. they provide
information about the length of a muscle fibre and the rate of change in it’s length. they
tell a muscle how much it needs to contract to overcome a given stretch.
What are golgi tendon organs? – ….ANSWER…proprioceptors located in tendons near
the myotendinous junction
what are two muscle fibre types? – ….ANSWER…slow twitch and fast twitch
muscle fibres best suited for endurance work due to their ability to use oxygen and
resist fatigue – ….ANSWER…slow twitch fibres: contain more mitochondria, contract
slowly and produce a lower amount of force but are more resistant to fatigue. work
aerobically.
muscle fibres best suited for short intense bursts of activity – ….ANSWER…fast twitch
fibres: able to produce and use atp more quickly, contract quickly and produce a lot of
force but fatigue quickly, work anaerobically.
what affects the percentage of each fibre type in a muscle? – ….ANSWER…the function
of the muscle, training and genetics.
which fibre type gets recruited first during exercise? – ….ANSWER…slow twitch
most of the gains in muscle in the first weeks are due to – ….ANSWER…neuromuscular
adaptation – as the brain learns how to tell the muscles to generate more force
factors that affect the ability of a muscle to generate force – ….ANSWER…muscle size,
length, speed of contraction, neural control
the attachment of the muscle tendon to the stationary bone is – ….ANSWER…the
muscle’s origin
the attachment of the muscle tendon to the moving bone is – ….ANSWER…the muscle’s
insertion
rectus abdominis antagonist – ….ANSWER…erector spinae
biceps brachii antagonist – ….ANSWER…triceps brachii
quadriceps antagonist – ….ANSWER…Hamstrings
anterior tibialis antagonist – ….ANSWER…gastrocnemius and soleus
shoulder girdle bones – ….ANSWER…clavicle and scapula, it connects the upper limbs
to the axial skeleton. the shoulder girdle is considered to be a group of floating bones
since they are secured only by muscles. it is an unstable area but has a large ROM
Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS) – ….ANSWER…Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor,
subscapularis.