PROGRESSION: FIELD TECH II-III CONVENTIONAL NCTI
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+
When configuring a wireless router, why is changing the service set
identifier (SSID) from the device default recommended? – ANSWERTo avoid telling hackers exactly what the device is.
Which mode uses a wireless access point (WAP) connected to a wired
network? – ANSWER- Infrastructure.
In regard to Wi-Fi networks, what is WPS used for? – ANSWER- To
enable connection to a Wi-Fi network without a Windows interface.
Which encryption method is the most secure for a wireless network? –
ANSWER- WPA2.
How many channels are available with IEEE 802.11g? – ANSWER- 11
What is the last step of the basic wireless access point (WAP) setup? –
ANSWER- Apply security.
All 802.11 standards use one of two frequency bands. What are these
frequency bands? – ANSWER- 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
What uses the 2.4-GHz band and runs at 54 Mbps? – ANSWER802.11g
Which organization regulates the use of wireless local area network
(WLAN) devices in the United States? – ANSWER- The Federal
Communications Commission (FCC).
Which of the following IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network
(WLAN) standards specifies both spread spectrum RF and infrared (IR)
transmission technologies? – ANSWER- 802.11
Why has it become cost-effective for enterprise companies to integrate
wireless local area network (WLAN) segments into their networks? –
ANSWER- The cost of wireless technology has decreased and the
quality has increased.
Which one of the following wireless standards utilizes the 5 gigahertz
(GHz) frequency band for its signal transmissions? – ANSWER802.11n
Why are wireless local area networks (WLAN) usually deployed in an
access capacity instead of as the network’s core layer? – ANSWERWLANs are generally incapable of meeting the requirements of the
network core layer, which needs to be very fast and stable, able to
handle a tremendous amount of traffic with little difficulty, and must
experience no down time.
In which Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model layer do
wireless local area networks (LAN) operate? – ANSWER- The Data
Link Layer.
What type of connectivity is needed to connect networks between two
buildings located across the street from each other? – ANSWER- Pointto-point (P2P).
In which of the following applications might a wireless local area
network (WLAN) be deployed in a distribution layer role? – ANSWERAs a building-to-building bridge used to link corporate network
segments.
What specific problem does a wireless local area network (WLAN)
resolve for corporations and home users? – ANSWER- Excessive data
cabling.
What challenges do Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISP) have to
overcome in order to provide “last mile data delivery” to customers? –
ANSWER- Distance to access points (AP), rooftop access, lightning,
trees, mountains, tower access, and other physical obstacles to
connectivity.
In what manner do radio waves propagate (move) away from the source
(antenna)? – ANSWER- In a straight line in all directions at once.
Which one of the following radio frequency (RF) behaviors is defined as
“the bending of a wave as it passes through a medium of different
density”? – ANSWER- Refraction.
Which of the voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) shown below is best
for transferring radio frequency (RF) energy between connections? –
ANSWER- 1.2:1
What are some measures that can be taken to prevent high voltage
standing wave ratios (VSWR) in transmitters and receivers? –
ANSWER- Tighten connections between cables and connectors and use
impedance-matched hardware throughout.
How does radio frequency line-of-sight (RF LOS) differ from visual
LOS? – ANSWER- RF LOS is accompanied by a Fresnel Zone, a series
of concentric ellipsoid-shaped areas around the visual LOS path.
Why is the Fresnel Zone important to the integrity of the radio frequency
(RF) link or path? – ANSWER- The Fresnel Zone defines an area around
the RF line-of-sight (RF LOS) that can introduce RF signal interference
if blocked.
What is Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)? – ANSWERThe power actually radiated by the antenna element.
What unit of measurement is used to express the gain of an antenna? –
ANSWER- Decibels isotropic (dBi).
PROGRESSION: FIELD TECH III – IV CONVENTIONAL NCTI
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the name of the protocol by which management information for
a network element can be inspected or altered by a management station?
- ANSWER- Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Why does Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) use
unsolicited messages (traps) from the network elements to poll for
appropriate information? – ANSWER- Using traps is consistent with the
goal of simplicity and minimizing the amount of traffic generated by the
network management function.
What does the packet-based multimedia communications systems,
covered by the H.323, cover? – ANSWER- Realtime audio, video, and
data communications over Internet protocol (IP) packet networks.
Which version of the packet-based multimedia communications system,
covered by the H.323 standard, was the first to standardize requirements
for communications between a PC-based telephone and a telephone on
the switched circuit network (SCN) of the public telephone system? –
ANSWER- Version 2.
What component of the packet-based multimedia communications
system, covered by the H.323 standard, is considered to be the “brain” of
the network? – ANSWER- The gatekeeper.
In Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), when do passive
management agents take action on their own initiative? – ANSWERWhen certain well-defined error conditions occur they generate an
unsolicited message called a trap.
Which is the most important of the network troubleshooting steps? –
ANSWER- Identify the exact issue.
Ipconfig displays which of the following elements of client
configuration information? – ANSWER- Default gateway.
Which of the following is used to verify whether another host on a
transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) network is
reachable? – ANSWER- Ping.
How would an operator find a list of options available for the ping
utility? – ANSWER- Type “ping” from a command line.
Which ping option allows you to specify the packet buffer size for each
ping packet? – ANSWER- Ping -l.
When troubleshooting, asking the question, “Has anything changed
recently that might have had an impact?”, will aid you in: – ANSWERIdentifying the exact issue relating to a problem.
Which utility should be run to verify that your Windows client is
configured to use the correct Domain Name System (DNS) server? –
ANSWER- Ipconfig.
Which of the troubleshooting utilities presented expects a reply when it
sends a message to another computer? – ANSWER- Ping.
What entry would be made to log each hop along the way to a specific
Internet site? – ANSWER- Enter “tracert” followed by a host name for
the Internet site.
Which of the troubleshooting utilities presented is frequently used as a
starting point for transmission control protocol/Internet protocol
(TCP/IP) network problem isolation to learn what network a device
resides on? – ANSWER- Ipconfig.
How does frequency division multiplexing (FDM) enable multiple
signals to share a common medium? – ANSWER- By assigning each
signal a specific frequency or band of frequencies called a channel.
What best describes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM)? – ANSWER- It is a multicarrier transport scheme in which
narrowband carriers (subcarriers) are modulated independently, and then
multiplexed together.
In what type of installation is wide wavelength division multiplexing
(WWDM) used? – ANSWER- It is used in passive optical networks
(PON).
Coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) applications were
expanded to include use in large metropolitan networks, utilizing
wavelengths in what band?? – ANSWER- E-band.
The most commonly used dense wavelength division multiplexing
(DWDM) channels in broadband cable networks are in which band? –
ANSWER- The C-band (1,530 to 1,565 nm).
What determines the length of a time division multiplexing (TDM)
frame? – ANSWER- The number of input channels to the multiplexer.
What is an inefficient characteristic of synchronous time division
multiplexing (TDM) that is addressed by statistical TDM? – ANSWERTransport of empty time slots.
In a synchronous optical network (SONET) what is the basic building
block having a data transmission rate of 51.84 Mbps? – ANSWER- The
synchronous transport signal (STS) frame.
PROGRESSION: FIELD TECH IV – V CONVENTIONAL NCTI
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+
What type of routing allows network administrators to specify additional
information sources for the routing table and network model? –
ANSWER- Policy-based
Which of the following is a Microsoft Windows utility that displays a
computer’s IP addressing and connectivity settings? – ANSWERIpconfig
Which MS-DOS command-line utility is the quickest and easiest way to
evaluate whether a computer is up and running, and attached to a TCP/IP
network? – ANSWER- Ping
After entering “arp” into the MS-DOS command line, which of the
following switches would display the ARP cache? – ANSWER- -a or -g
What is the second step when troubleshooting a network? – ANSWERIdentify the affected area
Scenario: As you are connecting the office computers, you use one patch
cord to connect each patch panel port to a hub port, and another patch
cord to connect each work area port to a PC. You power up all the PCs
and look at the hub port status indicators. All but one port shows green.
What is the first troubleshooting step you should take? – ANSWEREstablish the symptoms
Scenario: You have finally identified the affected area and, as you
proceed to the next step, you realize that since this is a new installation,
there is no previous time that is known when everything worked. The
installation itself is the only “change” and the third troubleshooting step.
What step is next? – ANSWER- Select the most probable cause
What voice issue is a normal occurrence on the PSTN and other voice
networks, and occurs as a result of network delay and the two- to fourwire conversion process? – ANSWER- Echo
Which protocol has a header of 5 bytes and a trailer of 3 bytes? –
ANSWER- Point-to-Point Protocol
What Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) is designed to support large,
densely populated multicast groups? – ANSWER- Dense Mode (DM)
Which device cannot solely break up LAN broadcast traffic? If large
workgroups present broadcast containment issues, consider VLANs
designed as separate routed subnets. – ANSWER- Switch
Baseband signaling – ANSWER- is predominant in Ethernet networks.
two ways we can use a flow of energy to carry data – ANSWER- Analog
and digital
Simplex – ANSWER- A signal may flow in only one direction. A
commercial radio station uses simplex communication, because listeners
cannot transmit radio signals back to the station.
Half-duplex – ANSWER- Signals may flow in either direction, but not
simultaneously. For example, a two-way radio allows only one user to
speak at any one time.
Full-duplex – ANSWER- Signals may flow in both directions
simultaneously. A telephone is the best example of full-duplex
communication. One wire brings a signal from the telephone company to
your home, and a second wire carries a separate signal from your home
back to the telephone company. Thus, you can both hear and speak
simultaneously.
Synchronous – ANSWER- The communicating parties or endpoints use
time to organize communication. In a data network, two communicating
computers use each clock “tick” to detect whether a digital bit is a 1 or 0.
For example, as each time interval passes, a computer checks the
network cable to see whether the voltage is high (binary 1) or low
(binary 0). Because the timing determines the meaning of the signal, it is
essential that the endpoints are synchronized to the same clock before
sending signals.
Asynchronous – ANSWER- Bits are not transmitted on any strict
timetable. For example, a computer modem typically uses 8 bits to
represent one character or letter. To indicate the start of each character,
the sending modem transmits a “start” bit to alert the receiving end to the
incoming signal. After the final bit of the eighth character is transmitted,
the sending modem transmits a “stop” bit to indicate the end of the
character. This process is repeated for each character the modem
transmits. Thus, the receiving modem must stay synchronized to the
signal only for the length of time it takes to transmit 8 bits. If the
sending and receiving clocks are slightly out of synchronization, these
short data transfers will still be successful.
Which of the following is most typical of a broadband network? –
ANSWER- Multiple analog channels
Data bus size – ANSWER- The size of the bus refers to the number of
data bits a CPU can work on in a single instruction.
Clock speed – ANSWER- The clock speed indicates how many
instructions per second the processor can execute. Each “tick” of the
clock is called a cycle, thus clock speed is measured in cycles per
second. A single cycle per second is called 1 hertz (Hz), 1,000 Hz is 1
kilohertz (kHz), 1 million Hz is 1 megahertz (MHz), and 1 billion Hz is
1 gigahertz (GHz). A CPU that runs at 400,000,000 cycles per second is
a 400- MHz processor.
storage – ANSWER- used to describe media that hold data for longer
periods, even when the power goes off.
PROGRESSION: FIELD TECH V -VI CONVENTIONAL FT 5 TO
FT 6 ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+
Which of the following is an attribute of user datagram protocol (UDP)
and not transmission control protocol (TCP)? – ANSWER- It is an
unreliable best-effort delivery.
Routers in Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) use the
Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol to build distribution
trees. What happens once these trees are built? – ANSWER- Constantly
updated.
As part of multicast network management, what can notify Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMP) network management stations
(NMS) of multicast problems and errors? – ANSWER- Multicast traps.
Ray has logged into the corporate routers and configured open shortest
path first (OSPF) on each. Which of the following addresses does OSPF
use to multicast changes in the routing tables? – ANSWER- 224.0.0.6
Internet group management protocol (IGMP) is carried by which
protocol throughout a network? – ANSWER- Internet protocol – IP
Which network type does intermediate system to intermediate system
(IS-IS) protocol support? – ANSWER- Usually, only one router may
represent a LAN to the other network.
What is the primary purpose of the border gateway protocol – BGP ? –
ANSWER- To avoid routing loops between large networks.
For Carrier Ethernet, why is tagging packets
insufficient for bandwidth management? – ANSWER- Common carriers
receive and process trillions of packets from millions of customers.
Which network connection has a relatively high cost, is billed on a per
port charge, and a rate per mile for the length of the circuit? –
ANSWER- Leased Lines
Which communication technique uses microwave frequencies? –
ANSWER- Satellite.
What is the oldest packet switching technology still in use worldwide? –
ANSWER- X25
What device is required to attach a non-integrated services digital
networks (ISDN) device to an ISDN network? – ANSWER- Terminal
Adapter
For any digital subscriber line (DSL) version, connection speed depends
on the customer’s distance from the providers – ANSWER- DSLAM –
Digital subscriber line access multiplexer
Which technology uses fixed-sized cells for transporting data? –
ANSWER- Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM).
What is an international standard for a high-speed, connection-oriented,
cellswitching technology? – ANSWER- Asynchronous transfer mode
(ATM).
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) virtual circuits (VC) switch cells
across networks by using which two header components? – ANSWERVirtual path identifier (VPI) and virtual channel identifier (VCI).
In synchronous optical networks (SONET) and synchronous digital
hierarchy (SDH), how much faster is the data rate of an electrical level
STS-192 compared to
an STS-1? – ANSWER- 192 times.
Tagging packets for prioritization is insufficient for Carrier Ethernet.
What is used instead of tagging? – ANSWER- Hierarchical quality of
service (HQoS).
Multiprotocol label switching – MPLS, compatible network routers
utilize label tags instead of which other element of a data packet? –
ANSWER- Internet protocol – IP address.
What is the most common digital standard for fixed telephony devices? –
ANSWER- Integrated Services digital network – ISDN.
Which telephone system allows one extension to ring in multiple
locations, either at the same time or in sequence? – ANSWER- Hosted
PBX
The mapping of labels in a Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS)
network domain are maintained by which of the following? – ANSWERLabel Forwarding Information Base (LFIB).
Ethernet over multiprotocol label switching (EoMPLS) is a tunneling
service, which transports _ Ethernet frames over an MPLS
network. – ANSWER- Layer 2
What is the mandatory label in the label stack of the header in timedivision multiplexing over Internet protocol (TDMoIP)? – ANSWERPseudowire.
In a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network, which network
component pushes an MPLS label onto the front of an incoming Internet
protocol (IP) packet? – ANSWER- Label edge router – LER.