The x-ray was discovered by
a. Heinrich Geissler
b. Wilhelm Roentgen
c. Johann Hittorf
d. William Crookes – Answer- Wilhelm Roentgen
Which discovery was the precursor to the discovery of x-rays?
A. Beta particles
B. Alpha particles
C. Cathode rays
D. Radioactive materials – Answer- Cathode rays
Which term describes two or more atoms that are joined by a chemical bond?
a. ion
b. ion pair
c. molecule
d. proton – Answer- Molecule
Which is not a type of particulate radiation?
A. Alpha particles
B. Beta particles
C. Protons
D. Nucleons – Answer- Nucleons
Which is the location where x-rays are produced?
A. Positive cathode
B. Positive anode
C. Negative cathode
D. Negative anode – Answer- Positive anode
Which describes scatter radiation?
A. Radiation that exits the tubehead
B. Radiation that is more penetrating than primary radiation
C. Radiation that has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter
D. none of the above – Answer- Radiation that has been deflected from its path by
interaction with matter
In dental imaging, the quality of the x ray beam is controlled by?
a. kilovoltage
b. miliamperage
c. exposure time
d. source-to-receptor distance – Answer- Kilovoltage
Increasing milliamperage results in an increase in:
A. Temperature of filament
B. Mean energy of beam
C. Number of x-rays produced
D. Both A & C – Answer- Temperature of filament and number of x-rays produced
The overall blackness or darkness of an image is termed
a. contrast
b. density
c. overexposure
d. polychromatic – Answer- Density
If the target receptor distance is doubled, the resultant beam will be
a. four times as intense
b. twice as intense
c. half as intense
d. one fourth as intense – Answer- One fourth as intense
The latent period in radiation biology is the time between
a. initial injury and repair
b. subsequent doses of radiation
c. cell rest and cell mitosis
d. exposure to x-radiation and clinical symptoms – Answer- Exposure to x radiation and
clinical symptoms
Which factor(s) contributes to radiation injury?
A. Total dose
B. Dose rate
C. Cell sensitivity
D. Age
E. All of the above – Answer- All of the above
The traditional unit for measuring x-ray exposure in air is termed
a. gray
b. coulombs per kilogram
c. rem
d. rad
e. roentgen – Answer- Roentgen
Which is considered radioresistant?
A. Immature reproductive cells
B. Young bone cells
C. Mature bone cells
D. Epithelial cells
E. None of the above – Answer- Mature bone cells
Which position indicating device is most effective in reducing patient exposure?
A. Conical
B. Rectangular
C. Circular
D. all are equally effective in reducing patient exposure – Answer- Rectangular
Which statement describes the function of a filter in a dental x-ray tube head?
A. It reduces the size and shape of the beam
B. It removes low energy x rays
C. It removes the dose of radiation to the thyroid gland
D. It decreases the mean energy of the beam – Answer- It removes low energy x rays
The dental radiographer can regulate the x ray beam (kVp, mA, time) through the use of
the
a. control panel
b. extension arm
c. console
d. position-indicating device (PID) – Answer- Control panel
One advantage of a film with an emulsion coating on both sides (double-emulsion film)
is that
a. the film requires less radiation exposure to make an image
b. the image produced is less distorted
c. the film has less sensitivity to radiation
d. processing solutions are absorbed more easily – Answer- The film requires less
radiation exposure to make an image
The intensifying screen that emits green light and must be used with green sensitive film
is termed
a. calcium tungstate
b. rare earth
c. phosphor
d. rare tungstate – Answer- Rare earth
A dental image that demonstrates many shades of gray is said to have
a. high contrast
b. low contrast
c. high density
d. low density – Answer- Low contrast
The hydroquinone in the developer brings out the _ tones, whereas the Elon in the developer bring out the _ tones on a dental radiograph.
a. black; white
b. white; black
c. gray; gray
d. white; gray
e. black; gray – Answer- Black; gray
A universal safelight filter such as the GBX-2 by the Carestream Health is
recommended for
a. intraoral films only
b. extraoral screen films only
c. extraoral nonscreen films only
d. intraoral and extraoral films – Answer- Intraoral and extraoral films
Which describes the relationship between the receptor and the long axis of the tooth in
the paralleling technique?
A. The receptor and the tooth are parallel to each other
B. The receptor and the tooth are at right angles to each other
C. The receptor and the tooth are perpendicular to each other
D. The receptor and the tooth are intersecting each other – Answer- The receptor and
the tooth are parallel to each other
Too much vertical angulation results in images that are
a. elongated
b. foreshortened
c. overlapped
d. none of the above – Answer- Foreshortened
The zone in which structures are clearly demonstrated on a pano image is termed the
a. rotation center
b. ghost image
c. focal trough
d. midsagittal plane – Answer- Focal trough
Changing a treatment plan without informing the patient violate which of the following?
A. Veracity
B. Fidelity
C. Beneficence
D. Societal trust
E. Non-maleficence – Answer- Fidelity
Above all do no harm represents which ethical principle/core value?
a. justice
b. fidelity
c. autonomy
d. beneficence
e. non-maleficence – Answer- Non-maleficence
Confidentiality is both an ethical principle/core value as well as an aspect of civil
unintentional tort.