ATLS Exam Questions Study Guide with All Questions from Actual Latest Exam and 100% Correct Answers
ATLS Exam Questions Study Guide 2024-2025 with
All Questions from Actual Latest Exam and 100%
Correct Answers
After being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is brought to a hospital
that has surgery capabilities available.. Computed tomography of the chest and
abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with free abdominal fluid. His
blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is: ——— Correct Answer —–
— perform an exploratory laparotomy
Which of the following injuries is most critical?
A. Fractured femur
B. Fractured pelvis
C. Fractured humerus
D. Fractured fibula ——— Correct Answer ——– B. Fractured pelvis
A patient on a mechanical ventilator is fighting the machine, and has elevated peak
airway pressures. What medication should be used?
A. Benzodiazepines
B. Vecuronium
C. Barbiturates
D. Baclofen ——— Correct Answer ——– B. Vecuronium
Which one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in the pregnant
patient is TRUE?
A. The fetus is in jeopardy only with major abdominal trauma.
B. Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission.
C. Indications for peritoneal lavage are different from those in the nonpregnant patient.
D. With penetrating trauma, injury to the mother’s abdominal hollow viscus is more
common in late than in early pregnancy.
E. The secondary survey follows a different pattern from that of the nonpregnant patient.
——— Correct Answer ——– B. Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital
admission.
Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate
management during the primary survey?
A. distended abdomen
B. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 11
C. temperature of 36.5°C (97.8°F)
D. deforming of the right thigh
E. Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute ——— Correct Answer ——– E.
Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is:
A. endotracheal intubation
B. operation to close the wound
C. placing a chest tube through the chest wound
D. placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound
E. initiation of 2, large-caliber IVs with crystalloid solutionE. ——— Correct Answer ——
— D. placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound
The following are contraindications for tetanus toxoid administration:
A. history of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product
B. local side effects
C. muscular spasms
D. pregnancy
E. all of the above ——— Correct Answer ——– A. history of neurological reaction or
severe hypersensitivity to the product
A 56-year-old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a
motor vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department he is diaphoretic and
complaining of chest pain. His blood pressure is 60/40 mm Hg and his respiratory rate is
40 breaths per minute. Which of the following best differentiates cardiac tamponade
from tension pneumothorax as the cause of his hypotension?
A. Tachycardia
B. pulse volume
C. breath sounds
D. pulse pressure
E. jugular venous pressure ——— Correct Answer ——– C. breath sounds
Bronchial intubation of the right or left mainstem bronchus can easily occur during infant
endotracheal intubation because:
A. The trachea is relatively short.
B. The distance from the lips to the larynx is relatively short.
C. The use of cuffed endotracehal tubes eliminates this issue.
D. The mainstem bronchi are less angulated in their relation to the trachea.
E. So little friction exists between the endotracheal tube and the wall of the trachea. —–
—- Correct Answer ——– A. The trachea is relatively short.
Which one of the following is the most effective method for initially treating frostbite?
A. moist heat
B. early amputation
C. padding and elevation
D. vasodilators and heparin
E. topical application of silver sulfadiazine ——— Correct Answer ——– A. moist heat
Which one of the following statements concerning intraosseous infusion is TRUE?A.
Only crystalloid solutions may be safely infused through the needle.
B. Aspiration of bone marrow confirms appropriate positioning of the needle.
C. Intraosseous infusion is the preferred route for volume resuscitation in small children.
D. Intraosseous infusion may be utilized indefinitely.
E. Swelling in the soft tissues around the intraosseous site is not a reason to
discontinue infusion. ——— Correct Answer ——– B. Aspiration of bone marrow
confirms appropriate positioning of the needle.
A young woman sustains a severe head injury as the result of a motor vehicle crash. In
the emergency department, her GCS is 6. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her
heart rate is 80 beats per minute. She is intubated and mechanically ventilated. Her
pupils are 3 mm in size and equally reactive to light. There is no other apparent injury.
The most important principle to follow in the early management of her head injury is to:
A. avoid hypotension
B. administer an osmotic diuretic
C. aggressively treat systemic hypertension
D. reduce metabolic requirements of the brain
E. distinguish between intracranial hematoma and cerebral edema ——— Correct
Answer ——– A. avoid hypotension
A hemodynamically normal 10-year-old girl is hospitalized for observation after a Grade
III (moderately severe) splenic injury has been confirmed by computed tomography
(CT). Which of the following mandates prompt celiotomy (laparotomy)?
A. a serum amylase of 200
B. a leukocyte count of 14,000
C. evidence of retroperitoneal hematoma on CT scan
D. development of peritonitis on physical exam
E. a fall in the hemoglobin level from 12 g/dL to 8 g/dL over 24 hours ——— Correct
Answer ——– D. development of peritonitis on physical exam
A patient presents to the emergency room after a motor vehicle accident with
hypotension, tachycardia, and abdominal distension. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Closed head injury
B. Splenic injury
C. Pneumothorax
D. Neurogenic shock ——— Correct Answer ——– B. Splenic injury
Considered a mechanically stable cervical spine injury ——— Correct Answer ——– –
Clay shoveler’s fracture
-Simple wedge fracture not involving posterior elements
-Unilateral facet dislocation
NOT flexion teardrop fracture
In most adults, the spinal cord terminates at what vertebrae? ——— Correct Answer —-
—- L1
Which is the best diagnostic test of nonpenetrating renal injuries?
A. KUB
B. IVP
C. CT
D. Laparoscopy ——— Correct Answer ——– C. CT
Which arterial blood gas finding is most suggestive of acute respiratory failure?
A. PCO2= 50, PO2= 80
B. PCO2 =40, PO2=60
C. PCO2=60, PO2= 50
D. PCO2= 30, PO2=70 ——— Correct Answer ——– C. PCO2=60, PO2= 50
Trio of hypertension, bradycardia and tachypnea ——— Correct Answer ——–
Cushing’s Triad
During neck trauma, which cervical disc is most likely to herniate?Mark one answer:
A. C1-C2
B. C3-C4
C. C5-C6
D. C6-C7 ——— Correct Answer ——– D. C6-C7
Which of the following patients with head trauma does not require admission?
A. An individual with alcohol intoxication
B. An individual with a Glasgow coma score < 9
C. An individual with the presence of rhinorrhea
D. An individual who cannot sleep ——— Correct Answer ——– D. An individual who
cannot sleep
What is the most appropriate study for a patient who suffered a fall and presents with
acute cervical radiculopathy?
A. Cervical CT
B. Cervical MRI
C. Lateral C-spine radiograph
D. Myelogram ——— Correct Answer ——– B. Cervical MRI
What is the most common traumatic intracranial mass lesion?
A. Epidural hematoma
B. Gliocytoma
C. Subdural hematoma
D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage ——— Correct Answer ——– C. Subdural hematoma
To prevent a surgical infection when is the best time to administer an antibiotic?
A. 2-24 hrs before surgery
B. 1 hr before surgery
C. After the incision is made
D. During the procedure ——— Correct Answer ——– B. 1 hr before surgery
In which situation should a femoral traction splint NOT be used?
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