HESI Gerontology Sample Exam Version 2 (2023/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified Answers with Rationales| 100% Correct| Grade A
HESI Gerontology Sample Exam Version 2
(2023/ 2024 Update) Questions and Verified
Answers with Rationales| 100% Correct|
Grade A
Q: An older female client who has been taking hydrocodone/acetaminophen (Lortab) q4 hours
for chronic back pain for the past 5 years tells the registered nurse (RN) that she cannot live
without her pain pills. When asked if she is addicted, the client states that she is not an addict
because the healthcare provider prescribed the pain pills. Which coping mechanism should the
RN determine the client is using about her addiction?
Answer:
B. Rationalization to support narcotic use.
Rationale: The client is using rationalization to maintain self-esteem when she is questioned by
stating that she is not addicted because she is taking medication prescribed by a healthcare
provider.
Q: A family member brings their aging father to the clinic because he has been alert and
oriented during the day but agitated and disoriented in the evening. The registered nurse (RN)
reviews the client’s list of current medications with the client and family. Which action taken by
the RN is most important?
Answer:
B. Multiple medications can contribute to sundowner like symptoms.
Rationale: Older clients may see a variety of HCP which can increase the chance of
polypharmacy that compounds the workload of metabolic pathways that may be less efficient
due to the aging process. Multiple medication interactions may contribute to sundowner like
symptoms; reviewing medication actions and interactions provides the information that may
indicate polypharmacy leading to sundowner syndromes.
Q: Since his arrival in an assisted living community, an older male client is having difficulty
going to sleep. Which intervention should the registered nurse (RN) implement first?
A. Encourage client to take a warm bath at night
B. Ask the client what has helped him in the past
C. Recommend that the client not take daytime naps
D. Offer the client a glass of warm milk before bedtime
Answer:
B. Ask the client what has helped him in the past.
Rationale: Asking the client (B) about his sleeping habits involves the client in his own care and
preserves his autonomy as he adapts to living in a new community.
Q: The home health registered nurse (RN) is visiting an older client with chronic hypertension.
What evaluation is most important for the RN to complete with each visit?
A. Effectiveness of medication
B. Ability to ambulate
C. Signs of dehydration
D. Familial support
Answer:
A. Effectiveness of medication
Rationale: The highest priority in the care of an older client with chronic hypertension is
evaluation of the effectiveness of blood pressure medication (A) and the client’s compliance in
order to prevent complications related to chronic disease.
Q: An older male client with heart failure (HF) complains of chronic constipation and wants to
retrain his bowel. Which information should the registered nurse (RN) offer the client for
establishing regular bowel habits?
Answer:
(A) Add whole grain foods and fibrous vegetables to diet.
Rationale: Increasing daily fiber (A) with increasing fluid intake are the best tools to use when
retraining bowel habits.
Q: The registered nurse (RN) is observing the skin of an older client. Which finding should the
RN document as consistent with the normal aging process?
A. Decreased elasticity
B. Tough and leathery texture
C. Shiny and edematous
D. Excessive hair growth on the head
Answer:
(A) Decreased elasticity
Rationale: Loss of elasticity is a common finding of the normal aging process (A). The skin of
elderly clients becomes thin and fragile with aging, not
Q: The home health registered nurse (RN) visits an older female client with an ideal conduit
who has been experiencing chronic urinary tract infections (UTI). Which intervention should the
RN recommend to the client to manage the frequency of UTIs?
Answer:
(C) Attach a larger drainage bag while sleeping
Rationale: (C) can prevent urinary reflux if the bag fills to near capacity or greater, which can
contribute to UTIs. Forcing fluids is encouraged and should exceed urinary output, which
commonly should be greater than 1,000 ml
Q: The healthcare provider prescribes a new medication, atorvastatin (Lipitor), for an older
client who arrives at the clinic for an annual physical examination. What common side effect
should the registered nurse (RN) advise the client to observe with this medication?
Answer:
(B) Headaches
Rationale: Headaches (B) are the most common side effect with this medication, which the RN
should direct the client to report.
Q: After a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), an older man returns to the medical
surgical floor with a 3-way indwelling urinary catheter. The registered nurse (RN) observes the
catheter’s tubing for drainage when the client states that he needs to void. What should the RN
implement based on this finding?
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