NR 565 WEEK 4 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS|AGRADE
NR 565 WEEK 4 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST
2023-2024 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS|AGRADE
- A patient’s nutritional intake and laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is
critical to prescribing because:
Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected. - Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect:
Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action
3.The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the:
Lungs - Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a
storage reservoir
Increase the length of time a drug is available and active - The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug’s:
Biological half-life - Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day’s dosage be twice those of the other 4 days
of the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:
Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range - The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a
therapeutic effect is the:
Onset of action - Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak and trough levels are done:
To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range - A laboratory result indicates that the peak level for a drug is above the minimum toxic
concentration. This means that the:
Concentration will produce an adverse response - Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property?
Desensitization or downregulation with continuous use - Drugs that are receptor antagonists, such as beta blockers, may cause:
An exaggerated response if abruptly discontinued - Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include:
Lipid solubility of the drug - Drugs administered via IV:
Begin distribution into the body immediately - When a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect, the combined effect of the
drugs is:
Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually - Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true?
Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic
ranges or sustained-release mechanisms.
16.Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetalplacental) is true?
The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells.
17.Drugs are metabolized mainly by the liver via phase I or phase II reactions. The purpose of
both of these types of reactions is to:
Change drug molecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete - Once they have been metabolized by the liver, the metabolites may be:
More active than the parent drug
Less active than the parent drug
Totally “deactivated” so they are excreted without any effect - All drugs continue to act in the body until they are changed or excreted. The ability of the
body to excrete drugs via the renal system would be increased by:
Unbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins - Steady state is:
When the amount of drug in the body remains constant - Two different pain medications are given together for pain relief. The drug—drug interaction
Additive
22.Actions taken to reduce drug—drug interaction problems include all of the following
EXCEPT:
Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse reaction of the combination - Phase I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require certain nutritional
elements. Which of the following would reduce or inhibit this process?
Neither Protein malnutrition OR Iron-deficiency anemia - The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called:
Half-life - An agonist activates a receptor and stimulates a response. When given frequently over time,
the body may:
Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor - Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
27.Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral enteric-coated tablets should
include which of the following statements?
“To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least 8 ounces of fluid.” - The major reason for not crushing a sustained-release capsule is that, if crushed, the
coated beads of the drugs could possibly result in:
Toxicity - Which of the following substances is the most likely to be absorbed in the intestines rather
than in the stomach?
Sodium bicarbonate - Which of the following variables is a factor in drug absorption?
A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to better absorption - An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the medication is:
Absorbed rapidly - Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
Induce and inhibit the metabolism of another drug - Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady state. Drugs reach steady
state:
After four to five half-lives - Upregulation or hypersensitization may lead to:
An exaggerated response if the drug is withdrawn
Chapter 7. Cultural and Ethnic Influences in Pharmacotherapeutics
1.Cultural factors that must be taken into account when prescribing include(s):
Who the decision maker is in the family regarding health-care decisions
Attitudes regarding the use of drugs to treat illness
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