ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: – correct answer providing antibodies
obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale? – correct
answer Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: – correct answer can cause “red
man syndrome”, a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: – correct answer narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: – correct answer thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: – correct answer higher dose
needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: – correct answer Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic mannitol is
started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? – correct answer Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: – correct answer
are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription for meclizine
(Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? – correct answer One hour before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to penicillin. Why is
this important to assess? – correct answer A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross
sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? – correct answer Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be readily
available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? – correct answer Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: – correct answer decrease tubular
reabsorption of sodium and water.
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined plasma albumin
levels in older adults? – correct answer “There is an increased risk for adverse effects.”
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a beclomethasone
inhaler to take which action? – correct answer Rinse the mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She calls the clinic and
relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse give? – correct
answer “Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis.”
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: – correct answer facilitate mucus
expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of anti-hypertensive
drugs? – correct answer Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? – correct answer
Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has anxiety and muscle
spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of this client? – correct answer Assess
for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with chronic
bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use of this medication? –
correct answer Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is especially
important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect? – correct answer Cardiac
dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac)? –
correct answer Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation of the drug’s
effectiveness? – correct answer Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is 62 bpm and
regular, which is the appropriate nursing action? – correct answer Give the drug and document the
heart rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client’s heart rate has
decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change? – correct answer Slowed
impulse conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to: – correct answer dilate
peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent reacts with
hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer? – correct answer Sucralfate
(Carafate)
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