A nurse in a family planning clinic is caring for a client who requests an oral contraceptive. Which of the following findings in the client’s history should the nurse recognize as a contraindication to oral contraceptives? (Select all that apply)
A.
Cholecystitis
B.
Hypertension
C.
Human papillomavirus
D.
Migraine headaches
E.
Anxiety disorder
When considering contraindications for oral contraceptives, the nurse should recognize the following findings in the client’s history as potential contraindications:
A. Cholecystitis
B. Hypertension
D. Migraine headaches
Explanation:
- A. Cholecystitis: While not a direct contraindication, it can be a concern as oral contraceptives may exacerbate gallbladder disease due to increased estrogen levels. However, cholecystitis itself is not a primary contraindication but should be monitored closely.
- B. Hypertension: High blood pressure is a significant contraindication for oral contraceptives, especially if it is not well controlled. Estrogen can increase the risk of cardiovascular complications in individuals with hypertension.
- C. Human papillomavirus (HPV): HPV is not a contraindication for oral contraceptives. It is a common sexually transmitted infection and does not affect the safety or efficacy of birth control pills.
- D. Migraine headaches: Migraine headaches can be a contraindication, particularly if they are accompanied by aura. The estrogen in oral contraceptives can increase the risk of stroke in women with migraines with aura.
- E. Anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorder is not a contraindication for oral contraceptives. It is important to manage any mental health conditions, but they do not typically affect the safety of using oral contraceptives.
Thus, A, B, and D are the findings that should be recognized as contraindications or considerations when assessing the use of oral contraceptives.