Emphysema caused by damage to alveoli from toxins and pollutants is likely to result in the body having difficulty performing which of the following actions?
A.
Releasing histamine and acetylcholine
B.
Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
C.
Absorbing food
D.
Producing enzymes
The correct answer is:
B. Exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
Explanation: Emphysema is a lung condition characterized by damage to the alveoli, the small air sacs where gas exchange occurs. The destruction of alveolar walls reduces the surface area available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, leading to impaired respiratory function. This makes it difficult for the body to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide effectively, which is the primary challenge in emphysema.
- A. Releasing histamine and acetylcholine: This is related to immune and nervous system functions, not directly impacted by emphysema.
- C. Absorbing food: This is related to the digestive system and is not affected by emphysema.
- D. Producing enzymes: This is related to various organs and glands in the body, but not directly to the lungs or the effects of emphysema.
Correct answer: B