A nurse is caring for a client who is taking bupropion (Wellbutrin). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?
A.
Hypertension
B.
Bradycardia
C.
Diarrhea
D.
Seizures.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is D. Seizures.
Explanation:
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an atypical antidepressant commonly used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and to aid in smoking cessation. It is known for its unique mechanism of action, which primarily involves the inhibition of the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. While it can be effective in treating depression and assisting with smoking cessation, it also carries a risk of several adverse effects that healthcare providers need to monitor.
One of the serious adverse effects associated with bupropion is an increased risk of seizures. This risk is particularly significant in individuals who have a history of seizures or those with conditions that predispose them to seizures. Bupropion lowers the seizure threshold, making seizures more likely, especially at higher doses or when the medication is abruptly discontinued. The incidence of seizures is dose-dependent, and the risk is higher with doses exceeding the recommended limits. Therefore, it is crucial for nurses to monitor for any signs of seizures in patients taking bupropion.
Hypertension (option A) is not a common adverse effect directly associated with bupropion, though it may occur in some patients. Bupropion is generally not known for causing significant changes in blood pressure compared to other antidepressants.
Bradycardia (option B) is also not commonly linked with bupropion. The medication is more often associated with other cardiovascular issues, but bradycardia is not a well-documented side effect.
Diarrhea (option C) is not a typical adverse effect of bupropion. In fact, gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea are less commonly reported with bupropion compared to other antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
In summary, when caring for a client on bupropion, it is essential to monitor for seizures due to the medication’s potential to lower the seizure threshold. Regular assessment and dose management can help mitigate this risk and ensure the safe use of bupropion in clinical practice.