A client experiences panic attacks when confronted with riding in elevators. The therapist is teaching the client ways to relax while incrementally exposing the client to getting on an elevator. This technique is called which of the following?
A.
flooding.
B.
systematic desensitization.
C.
cognitive restructuring.
D.
combination therapy.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is B. systematic desensitization.
Systematic desensitization is a type of behavioral therapy often used to treat phobias, anxiety disorders, and panic attacks. This technique involves gradually exposing a client to a feared object or situation in a controlled and incremental manner, while simultaneously teaching them relaxation techniques to cope with the fear. Over time, the client’s anxiety is expected to diminish as they become desensitized to the feared stimulus.
In this specific case, the client is experiencing panic attacks when riding in elevators. The therapist uses systematic desensitization by first teaching the client relaxation strategies, such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, or guided imagery. These techniques help the client manage and reduce their anxiety. After the client learns these relaxation techniques, they are gradually exposed to the feared situation—in this case, the elevator. Initially, the exposure might involve visualizing being near an elevator or standing outside of it. As the client becomes more comfortable, the exposure increases in intensity, eventually leading to getting inside the elevator and, over time, riding it.
Systematic desensitization relies on the principle of counterconditioning, where the anxious response (panic) is replaced with a more relaxed state. This process helps the client learn that the feared object or situation (the elevator) is not harmful, allowing them to gradually overcome their fear.
This method contrasts with flooding (Option A), where the person is exposed to the feared object or situation all at once in an intense manner. Cognitive restructuring (Option C) involves changing irrational thoughts rather than focusing on exposure to feared stimuli. Combination therapy (Option D) isn’t a specific technique but implies using multiple therapies, which isn’t relevant to this scenario.
Systematic desensitization is highly effective for phobias and anxiety-related conditions, making it the ideal approach for a client with panic attacks related to elevators.