The nurse is performing the diagnostic positions test. The nurse recognizes that normal findings from the diagnostic positions test should be which of these results?
A.
Nystagmus in extreme superior gaze
B.
Slight amount of lid lag when moving the eyes from a superior to an inferior position
C.
Parallel movement of both eyes
D.
Convergence of the eyes
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is:
C. Parallel movement of both eyes
Explanation:
The Diagnostic Positions Test, also known as the six cardinal fields of gaze test, is used to assess the function of the extraocular muscles and to identify any abnormalities in eye movements. The test involves asking the patient to follow a target (often a pen or a finger) with their eyes as the target is moved in various directions.
The expected normal findings from this test include:
- Parallel Movement of Both Eyes (Option C): Normal findings should show that both eyes move together in a parallel manner as the target moves in different directions. This indicates that the extraocular muscles are functioning properly and that there is no misalignment or dysfunction. The eyes should move symmetrically, tracking the target smoothly and accurately without deviation or lag.
- Nystagmus in Extreme Superior Gaze (Option A): Nystagmus is a condition characterized by involuntary, rapid eye movements. While nystagmus can be a normal finding when the eyes are held in extreme positions, it is generally not considered a normal finding during the Diagnostic Positions Test. Persistent or significant nystagmus might indicate an underlying issue with the vestibular system or neurological condition.
- Slight Amount of Lid Lag (Option B): Lid lag, which is the delay in the movement of the upper eyelid when the eyes move from an upward to a downward position, is not a normal finding. It can be an indication of conditions such as hyperthyroidism or other issues related to muscle function or nerve innervation.
- Convergence of the Eyes (Option D): Convergence refers to the inward movement of both eyes towards each other when focusing on a near object. While convergence is an important aspect of eye function, it is not specifically assessed during the Diagnostic Positions Test. The focus of this test is on the parallel movement and smooth tracking of the eyes in all directions.
In summary, the Diagnostic Positions Test is used to evaluate the coordinated movement of the eyes in different directions. The normal result should demonstrate parallel movement of both eyes, indicating that the extraocular muscles are functioning properly and that there is no misalignment or dysfunction.