Report Wrong Answer
The nurse observes the final diagnosis of four clients in their case reports as given below.
In which client does the nurse notice the presence of Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign?
A.
Hypothyroidism
B.
Pineal tumor
C.
Hypoparathyroidism
D.
Pheochromocytoma
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is:
C. Hypoparathyroidism
Explanation:
Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign are clinical manifestations often associated with hypoparathyroidism, which is a condition characterized by low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). These signs are indicators of hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) that commonly occur in this condition.
Chvostek Sign: This sign is elicited by tapping on the facial nerve (just in front of the ear) and observing for twitching of the facial muscles. A positive Chvostek sign is indicative of low calcium levels, which are common in hypoparathyroidism.
Trousseau Sign: This sign is observed by inflating a blood pressure cuff around the upper arm to a point where the systolic blood pressure is exceeded and holding it there for a few minutes. A positive Trousseau sign is the development of carpopedal spasm (involuntary contraction of the hand and wrist muscles) during this procedure. This sign is also related to hypocalcemia.
Why Not the Other Options?
- Hypothyroidism (Option A): While hypothyroidism has a range of clinical manifestations, it is not typically associated with Chvostek and Trousseau signs. Instead, symptoms of hypothyroidism might include fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.
- Pineal Tumor (Option B): Pineal tumors primarily affect the pineal gland and can lead to symptoms like headaches, visual disturbances, and hormonal imbalances, but they are not directly associated with Chvostek and Trousseau signs.
- Pheochromocytoma (Option D): This is a tumor of the adrenal gland that causes excessive release of catecholamines (like adrenaline). Symptoms include high blood pressure, sweating, and palpitations, but it does not typically present with Chvostek or Trousseau signs.
Hypoparathyroidism is directly linked to low calcium levels in the blood, making the presence of these signs particularly relevant in its diagnosis and management.