A nurse uses Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to plan care for a psychotic patient. Which problem will receive higher priority? The patient who:
Select one:
A.
needs to be taught about medication action and side effects.
B.
refuses to eat or bathe.
C.
reports feelings of alienation from family.
D.
is reluctant to participate in unit social activities.
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is B. refuses to eat or bathe.
Explanation:
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a psychological theory that prioritizes human needs in a hierarchical structure. The hierarchy is usually depicted as a pyramid with five levels, from the most basic to the highest: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.
- Physiological Needs: These are the most fundamental needs, including food, water, shelter, and basic health. Without meeting these needs, individuals cannot focus on higher-level needs. In this case, the patient who refuses to eat or bathe is experiencing a direct threat to their physiological needs. Proper nutrition and hygiene are essential for survival and overall health. If these needs are not met, it could lead to serious health complications, making this problem a top priority.
- Safety Needs: After physiological needs are met, individuals focus on safety and security. This includes protection from harm and stability in their environment. Although safety is crucial, it becomes a priority only after physiological needs are addressed.
- Love and Belongingness: Once physiological and safety needs are satisfied, individuals seek social connections, affection, and relationships. The patient who reports feelings of alienation from family is addressing a higher-level need related to love and belonging. While this is important for emotional well-being, it is secondary to addressing basic physiological needs.
- Esteem: This level involves self-esteem, respect from others, and a sense of accomplishment. A patient who is reluctant to participate in unit social activities is dealing with esteem and social needs. While participation in social activities is beneficial, it does not take precedence over immediate physiological needs.
In summary, a patient refusing to eat or bathe is experiencing a fundamental issue related to physiological needs. Addressing these needs is critical to ensure survival and overall health, making it the highest priority in care planning according to Maslow’s hierarchy.