A client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is prescribed methotrexate, a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?
A.
“You should take this medication with food or milk to prevent stomach upset.”
B.
“You should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.”
C.
“You should monitor your blood pressure regularly while taking this medication.”
D.
“You should take this medication every day for optimal results.”
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is B. “You should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.”
Explanation
Methotrexate is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) commonly used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It works by suppressing the immune system to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. Here’s why option B is the correct choice:
- Avoiding Alcohol: Methotrexate can cause liver toxicity, and alcohol consumption can exacerbate this risk. Both methotrexate and alcohol are metabolized by the liver, and concurrent use increases the likelihood of liver damage. Therefore, clients should be advised to avoid alcohol to prevent potential liver complications.
- Medication Administration: Methotrexate is typically taken once a week rather than daily. Daily administration can lead to toxicity and adverse effects. Therefore, advising clients to take the medication every day (option D) is incorrect. Proper adherence to the prescribed weekly dosing schedule is crucial for effectiveness and safety.
- Taking with Food or Milk: Although taking methotrexate with food can help reduce gastrointestinal side effects, it is not a primary concern compared to the risk of liver toxicity associated with alcohol. Thus, while some clients might be advised to take methotrexate with food, it is less critical than the need to avoid alcohol.
- Monitoring Blood Pressure: Methotrexate is not primarily associated with blood pressure changes, so regular blood pressure monitoring is not a key part of the teaching plan for this medication. Instead, monitoring for signs of liver dysfunction, such as jaundice or elevated liver enzymes, is more relevant.
In summary, the most critical aspect of patient education for methotrexate involves avoiding alcohol to minimize the risk of liver damage and ensure the medication’s safe use.