A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves’ disease (Hyperthyroidism). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A.
Heat intolerance
B.
Weight gain
C.
Bradycardia
D.
Lethargy
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is A. Heat intolerance.
Explanation:
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive and produces excess thyroid hormones. This condition affects various bodily functions and can result in a range of clinical symptoms. When assessing an adolescent with an exacerbation of Graves’ disease, the nurse should expect several hallmark signs of hyperthyroidism.
Heat Intolerance:
One of the most common symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism, including Graves’ disease, is heat intolerance. This occurs because the increased levels of thyroid hormones accelerate the metabolism in the body, leading to increased heat production. Consequently, patients often feel excessively warm or uncomfortable in situations where others are comfortable. They may also experience excessive sweating and a heightened sensitivity to warm environments.
Other Common Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism Include:
- Weight Loss: Contrary to weight gain, hyperthyroidism often results in weight loss despite increased appetite. This is because the elevated metabolic rate burns calories more rapidly than usual.
- Tachycardia: Hyperthyroidism frequently causes an increased heart rate (tachycardia) rather than bradycardia (slow heart rate). The overproduction of thyroid hormones stimulates the heart, leading to palpitations and a faster pulse.
- Fatigue and Lethargy: Although fatigue can be a symptom, it’s typically associated with the body’s struggle to cope with the increased metabolic demands and may not be as pronounced as other symptoms. Lethargy is more common in hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) rather than hyperthyroidism.
Overall, in the case of an adolescent experiencing an exacerbation of Graves’ disease, heat intolerance is a primary finding to anticipate, reflecting the body’s response to the excess thyroid hormones and the increased metabolic rate.