A nurse is caring for a client who has preeclampsia and is receiving magnesium sulfate.
Which of the following clinical findings should the nurse instruct the client to report?
A.
Increased muscle weakness.
B.
Increased fetal movement.
C.
Increased respiratory rate.
D.
Increased urinary output.
E.
Increased urinary output.
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is A. Increased muscle weakness.
Explanation:
Magnesium sulfate is commonly administered to clients with preeclampsia to prevent seizures (eclampsia) and to manage severe hypertension. While it is effective in these roles, magnesium sulfate has potential side effects that need careful monitoring.
One significant side effect of magnesium sulfate is its impact on neuromuscular function. An increased level of magnesium can lead to neuromuscular impairment, manifesting as muscle weakness or decreased deep tendon reflexes. Muscle weakness can be an early sign of magnesium toxicity. Therefore, if a client reports increased muscle weakness, it could indicate that the serum magnesium level is rising too high, which may necessitate a reduction in the dosage or discontinuation of the medication. It is crucial to address these symptoms promptly to prevent complications such as respiratory depression, cardiac issues, or further neuromuscular impairment.
In contrast:
- Increased fetal movement (B) is generally a reassuring sign of fetal well-being and is not directly related to magnesium sulfate toxicity.
- Increased respiratory rate (C) can be a normal response to various factors, including anxiety or pain, and is not a direct indicator of magnesium sulfate toxicity. However, significant respiratory changes might require further evaluation.
- Increased urinary output (D) is typically a positive sign, suggesting that the kidneys are functioning well and may not be a direct concern with magnesium sulfate use. In fact, maintaining adequate urinary output is important as it helps in excreting excess magnesium.
Monitoring for side effects like muscle weakness ensures the safe use of magnesium sulfate and helps in making timely adjustments to treatment as needed.