Meperidine hydrochloride [Demerol] is given to a client who is experiencing post- operative pain. Which of the following are effects of the medication? [select all that apply]
A.
Shallow breathing
B.
Diarrhea
C.
Urinary retention
D.
Hypotension
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answers for the effects of meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) are:
A. Shallow breathing
C. Urinary retention
D. Hypotension
Explanation:
Meperidine hydrochloride, commonly known as Demerol, is an opioid analgesic used to manage moderate to severe pain, including post-operative pain. Opioids like Demerol can produce a range of side effects, some of which are important to monitor in patients receiving this medication.
- Shallow Breathing: Meperidine, like other opioids, can cause respiratory depression. This effect can lead to shallow or slowed breathing, which is particularly concerning in postoperative patients who may already be at risk for respiratory issues. Opioid-induced respiratory depression occurs because opioids suppress the brain’s ability to respond to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.
- Urinary Retention: Opioids can also lead to urinary retention by affecting the bladder’s detrusor muscle, which can interfere with the normal process of urination. This side effect may result in discomfort and the need for interventions to manage the patient’s urinary output.
- Hypotension: Another effect of meperidine is hypotension, or low blood pressure. This can occur due to the opioid’s impact on blood vessels, causing them to dilate. Reduced blood pressure can lead to dizziness and an increased risk of falls, especially in post-operative patients who are already vulnerable due to surgery.
Diarrhea is generally not a common side effect of meperidine. In fact, opioids typically cause constipation rather than diarrhea due to their effects on the gastrointestinal system.
Overall, monitoring for these side effects is crucial when administering meperidine to ensure patient safety and effective pain management. Adjustments to dosage and supportive measures may be needed based on the patient’s response and the presence of these adverse effects.