A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report for a client who is in active labor. The client tested positive for group B streptococcus B-hemolytic. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to the client?
A.
Doxycycline.
B.
Cefotetan.
C.
Ampicillin.
D.
Fluconazole.
The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is C. Ampicillin.
Explanation:
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that can be found in the intestines and lower genital tract of some individuals. While GBS is often harmless in adults, it can pose a significant risk to newborns during labor and delivery, leading to severe complications such as sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis. As a result, pregnant women who test positive for GBS during labor are typically administered antibiotics to reduce the risk of transmitting the bacteria to the baby.
Among the options provided, Ampicillin is the recommended antibiotic for the intrapartum prophylaxis of GBS. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines suggest that women who test positive for GBS and are in labor receive intravenous antibiotics. Ampicillin is effective against GBS and is commonly used because of its efficacy and safety profile.
Let’s examine the other options:
- A. Doxycycline: This antibiotic belongs to the tetracycline class and is primarily used for various infections, including respiratory tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases. It is not effective against GBS.
- B. Cefotetan: This is a cephalosporin antibiotic used for a range of infections but is not the first choice for GBS prophylaxis during labor. While it can be effective against some bacteria, Ampicillin remains the preferred choice for GBS.
- D. Fluconazole: This medication is an antifungal used to treat fungal infections, including candidiasis. It has no activity against bacterial infections like GBS.
In summary, the administration of Ampicillin to a client who tests positive for GBS during labor is crucial in minimizing the risk of GBS transmission to the newborn. Following the CDC’s recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis is essential in ensuring the safety and health of both the mother and the baby during delivery.