A nurse is caring for a client who has major depressive disorder (MDD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Exaggerated response to stimuli
B. Significant change in weight
C. Hyperexcitability
D. Attention seeking behavior
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is B. Significant change in weight.
Explanation:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by a persistent feeling of sadness or a lack of interest in external activities. One of the key diagnostic criteria for MDD, according to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), includes significant weight loss when not dieting, weight gain, or a decrease or increase in appetite. This symptom reflects how depression can profoundly affect a person’s physical health, leading to changes in eating patterns and metabolism.
Patients with MDD may experience weight changes due to several factors. Some may lose their appetite and subsequently lose weight, while others may engage in emotional eating, leading to weight gain. Both extremes indicate a significant alteration in weight that is not attributable to other medical conditions, making it a critical finding for nurses and healthcare providers to monitor.
The other options provided do not typically align with the symptoms of MDD:
- A. Exaggerated response to stimuli: This is more characteristic of anxiety disorders or mood disorders in a manic state rather than depression.
- C. Hyperexcitability: This refers to heightened arousal or excitability, which is generally not a feature of MDD; instead, individuals often experience lethargy and fatigue.
- D. Attention-seeking behavior: While some individuals may exhibit behaviors to draw attention, this is not a defining characteristic of MDD. In fact, individuals with depression often withdraw from social interactions.
In summary, the significant change in weight is a prominent indicator of MDD and reflects the disorder’s impact on a person’s physical and mental health, highlighting the importance of comprehensive assessments in nursing care for patients with depression.