A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hemophilia about home care practices. What statements by the client indicate that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
A.
“I will use a soft toothbrush to decrease bleeding from my gums.”.
B.
“If I get a headache, I will take ibuprofen instead of aspirin.”.
C.
“I will report excessive bleeding to my provider and use precautions to protect my head and joints.”.
D.
“I need clotting factor treatments for the rest of my life if a bleed occurs.”.
E.
“I may experience warm, painful joints and should apply heat if that occurs.”.
The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answers are A, C, D, and E.
Explanation:
- A: “I will use a soft toothbrush to decrease bleeding from my gums.”
This statement reflects an effective understanding of oral hygiene practices in hemophilia care. Clients with hemophilia are at risk for bleeding, particularly from minor injuries. Using a soft toothbrush helps minimize trauma to the gums and reduces the risk of bleeding, demonstrating the client’s awareness of gentle oral care. - C: “I will report excessive bleeding to my provider and use precautions to protect my head and joints.”
This indicates the client recognizes the importance of monitoring for excessive bleeding, which can be life-threatening in hemophilia. Additionally, using precautions to protect vulnerable areas like the head and joints shows an understanding of preventive strategies to avoid serious complications. - D: “I need clotting factor treatments for the rest of my life if a bleed occurs.”
This statement is accurate and shows the client understands the chronic nature of hemophilia management. Clotting factor replacement is crucial during bleeding episodes, and lifelong treatment is typically necessary for those with severe forms of hemophilia. - E: “I may experience warm, painful joints and should apply heat if that occurs.”
This statement demonstrates an understanding of the common symptoms associated with bleeding into joints (hemarthrosis). Applying heat can help alleviate discomfort; however, care should be taken as applying ice might be more appropriate in acute bleeding situations. This reflects an understanding of managing symptoms and discomfort related to the condition.
B: “If I get a headache, I will take ibuprofen instead of aspirin.” is incorrect because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can increase bleeding risk. Aspirin is particularly contraindicated in hemophilia due to its effect on platelet function. Thus, the client should ideally avoid both ibuprofen and aspirin and discuss pain management options with their healthcare provider.
In summary, the effective teaching is reflected in the client’s understanding of safety practices, treatment needs, and symptom management associated with hemophilia.