Which is an example of ionization? C + O2 mc004-1.jpg CO2 H2CO3 mc004-2.jpg H2O + CO2 SO2 + H2O mc004-3.jpg HSO3– + H+ Mg(OH)2 mc004-4.jpg Mg2+ + 2OH–
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct example of ionization among the given options is Mg(OH)₂ → Mg²⁺ + 2OH⁻.
Explanation:
Ionization refers to the process where an atom or a molecule gains or loses electrons, resulting in the formation of charged particles called ions. This process is crucial in various chemical reactions, especially in the context of acids, bases, and salts.
In the example of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂), the compound dissociates into its constituent ions when it dissolves in water:
[ \text{Mg(OH)}_2 \rightarrow \text{Mg}^{2+} + 2 \text{OH}^{-} ]
In this reaction, magnesium hydroxide ionizes to produce magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). This is a classic example of ionization in an inorganic salt.
Comparison with Other Options:
- C + O₂ → CO₂: This represents a combustion reaction where carbon reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. It is not an ionization process because there is no formation of ions; it is simply a molecular combination.
- H₂O + CO₂ → H₂CO₃: Here, carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃). Although this involves the interaction of molecules, it does not lead to the formation of ions directly; therefore, it is not an example of ionization.
- H₂O + CO₂ → SO₂ + H₂O: This is not a valid reaction, as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) does not form from the reaction of water and carbon dioxide.
- HSO₃⁻ + H⁺: While this involves ions (the bisulfite ion and a proton), it is not a process of ionization; it represents an acid-base reaction instead.
In conclusion, ionization is a fundamental concept in chemistry, particularly significant in understanding the behavior of acids and bases in solution. The breakdown of Mg(OH)₂ into Mg²⁺ and OH⁻ clearly exemplifies this process, making it the correct choice.