Global warming caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is likely to have major consequences
for arctic ecosystems. Which of the following are likely to occur in the arctic
if the Earth’s surface
temperature rises?
I.
II.
III.
Decreased rates of decomposition of detritus
Increased range of predators from temperate regions
Increase in numbers of pest species and pathogens
I and II only
B. I and III only
. II and III only
I, II and III
bor led to the spread of resista
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is I, II, and III.
Explanation:
- Decreased Rates of Decomposition of Detritus (I):
The decomposition process in Arctic ecosystems is primarily governed by temperature and moisture. As global temperatures rise, the Arctic region may experience shifts in seasonal temperature patterns, potentially leading to permafrost thawing. While initial increases in temperature can stimulate microbial activity, long-term warming may reduce moisture availability or alter soil chemistry, thereby decreasing the rates of decomposition. Slower decomposition can lead to the accumulation of organic matter, which in turn affects nutrient cycling and carbon storage. - Increased Range of Predators from Temperate Regions (II):
As the Arctic warms, species that thrive in temperate zones may migrate northward due to changing climatic conditions. This could lead to increased competition for resources among native Arctic species, disrupt existing food webs, and alter predator-prey dynamics. The introduction of new predators can have significant ecological impacts, particularly on species that are not adapted to cope with these new threats. - Increase in Numbers of Pest Species and Pathogens (III):
Warming temperatures can create more favorable conditions for pests and pathogens, which often thrive in warmer climates. The Arctic is currently less affected by many agricultural pests and diseases common in temperate regions. However, as temperatures rise, these pests may establish themselves in Arctic ecosystems, potentially leading to outbreaks that can threaten native species and disrupt ecological balances.
Overall, the consequences of global warming on Arctic ecosystems are multifaceted and interlinked. Increased temperatures are likely to catalyze a series of ecological changes that can significantly alter the delicate balance of these unique environments. Addressing climate change is critical to preserving Arctic biodiversity and ecosystem integrity.