The Nurse is caring for a client with Buck Traction. Which of the following would require immediate intervention?
A. A pillow placed under the knee. B. The foot is 2 inches away from the footplate. C. The weight attached to the pulley is 6 inches from the floor. D. A pillow is placed under the lower leg with the heel off the bed. Please explain your answer.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is A. A pillow placed under the knee.
Explanation
Buck traction, also known as skin traction, is used to immobilize a limb, relieve pain, and allow for proper alignment of fractures, particularly in the hip or femur. It involves applying a pulling force via weights and pulleys to maintain the correct position of the limb. The effectiveness and safety of this treatment depend on proper positioning and the prevention of complications, such as pressure sores or nerve damage.
Placing a pillow under the knee while the leg is in traction can lead to several complications. This position increases the risk of flexion deformity, which can hinder healing and create muscle imbalances. The knee should remain in a straight position to maintain the effectiveness of the traction and prevent unnecessary strain on the ligaments and tendons. Additionally, a pillow under the knee can increase the risk of pressure ulcers at the knee joint due to sustained pressure.
Let’s briefly examine the other options:
- B. The foot is 2 inches away from the footplate. This is generally acceptable as long as the traction is being maintained and there is no risk of the foot slipping off.
- C. The weight attached to the pulley is 6 inches from the floor. This is within safe limits. The weight should not be too close to the floor to prevent the patient from accidentally pulling it off or having it become ineffective.
- D. A pillow is placed under the lower leg with the heel off the bed. This is an appropriate position. Elevating the heel can help prevent pressure ulcers on the heel while maintaining proper alignment.
In conclusion, option A requires immediate intervention due to the potential for compromising the effectiveness of the traction and increasing the risk of complications. Proper nursing care involves not only addressing immediate needs but also anticipating and preventing possible issues that may arise during treatment.