Dietary recalls include information about? Please include resources used.
a. Timing of meals, types of food, sleep duration and quality and bowel movements
b. Timing of meals, sleep duration, and quality, fluid intake and exercise intensity
c. Body weight, resting heart rate, exercise duration and frequency
d. Food ingredients, vitamins, minerals and supplements
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer: a. Timing of meals, types of food, sleep duration and quality, and bowel movements
Explanation:
Dietary recalls are detailed assessments of an individual’s dietary intake over a specific period, typically 24 hours. They aim to capture comprehensive information about eating habits, timing of meals, and factors that influence digestion and overall health. Here’s why option (a) is correct:
- Timing of Meals: Timing affects the body’s circadian rhythm, metabolism, and energy levels. Skipping or delaying meals can disrupt energy balance and influence food choices later in the day.
- Types of Food: This includes food groups consumed, portion sizes, and preparation methods. It helps in assessing nutritional quality and identifying deficiencies or excesses.
- Sleep Duration and Quality: Poor sleep can affect hunger-regulating hormones, like ghrelin and leptin, and lead to altered eating behaviors. Tracking sleep helps in understanding its impact on dietary habits.
- Bowel Movements: Regularity, consistency, and frequency of bowel movements reflect digestive health. They can indicate dietary fiber intake adequacy and hydration status.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
- Option (b): Although fluid intake and exercise intensity are important for overall health, they are not core components of a standard dietary recall.
- Option (c): Body weight and exercise details are relevant for overall fitness assessments, but they do not focus on dietary patterns or digestive health.
- Option (d): Food ingredients, vitamins, and supplements are part of a dietary assessment, but they are more relevant to food diaries or nutritional analysis than a recall.
Resources Used:
- Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Guidelines for 24-hour dietary recalls.
- National Institutes of Health (NIH): Nutritional health and eating behavior studies.
- Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (JAND): Research on sleep and bowel health in dietary assessments.