The Skeletal System FILL IN THE BLANK Fill in the blank with the most appropriate term. 1. The two common types of bone tissue are and 2. Bone develops from spindle-shaped cells called , found beneath the periosteum. 3. are large cells, present in the cavities of bone, which function in the reabsorption of bone. 4. Ossification is a process in which dense connective tissue or membranes are replaced by deposits of inorganic calcium. 5. The “replacement” of cartilaginous structures with bone is called ossification. 6. A disease of bone in children caused by a deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight is in adults, it is called 7. Haversian canals are surrounded by concen- tric rings of bone, each layer of which is called between these are tiny cavities called each containing an osteocyte. 8. bone marrow’s function is hematopoiesis. 9. bone marrow consists chiefly of fat cells 10. The bridge of the nose is made up of the paired bones. 11. The hard palate of the roof of the mouth is made up of the two bones. 12. The bone, found in the axial skeleton, has no articulations with other bones and functions as a support for the tongue. 13. The first cervical vertebra is called the and supports the head; the second cervical vertebra is called the a 14. The sternum or breastbone develops in three the body or and the parts: the 15. There are 12 pairs of ribs. The upper seven pairs articulate directly with the sternum and are called ribs; the lower five pairs do not directly join the sternum and are called ribs.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the correct answers for each fill-in-the-blank question, along with explanations:
- Compact and Spongy
The two common types of bone tissue are compact and spongy bone. Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone is lighter and found mainly at the ends of long bones, providing space for bone marrow. - Osteoblasts
Bone develops from spindle-shaped cells called osteoblasts, which are found beneath the periosteum (the outer membrane covering bones). Osteoblasts are responsible for the production of bone matrix, leading to the formation of new bone tissue. - Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts are large cells present in the cavities of bone that function in the reabsorption (breakdown) of bone tissue. This process helps maintain bone health and calcium balance by removing old or damaged bone. - Intramembranous ossification
Ossification is a process in which dense connective tissue or membranes are replaced by deposits of inorganic calcium, turning into bone. This occurs in both intramembranous ossification (formation of flat bones) and endochondral ossification (formation of long bones). - Endochondral ossification
The “replacement” of cartilaginous structures with bone is called endochondral ossification. This process is responsible for the formation of long bones and occurs as cartilage is gradually replaced by bone during development. - Rickets, Osteomalacia
A disease of bone in children caused by a deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight is rickets. In adults, this condition is known as osteomalacia, which results in soft, weakened bones due to poor mineralization. - Lamellae, Lacunae
Haversian canals are surrounded by concentric rings of bone, each layer of which is called lamellae. Between these lamellae are tiny cavities called lacunae, each containing an osteocyte, which is a mature bone cell. - Red bone marrow
Red bone marrow‘s primary function is hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. - Yellow bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow consists chiefly of fat cells and serves as an energy reserve. It is found mainly in the medullary cavities of long bones. - Nasal bones
The bridge of the nose is made up of the paired nasal bones, which provide structure and support to the nose. - Palatine and Maxillary
The hard palate of the roof of the mouth is made up of the two bones: palatine and maxillary bones. These bones form the structure of the upper jaw and palate. - Hyoid bone
The hyoid bone, found in the axial skeleton, has no articulations with other bones and functions as a support for the tongue. It is located in the neck region. - Atlas, Axis
The first cervical vertebra is called the atlas and supports the head; the second cervical vertebra is called the axis. These vertebrae allow the head to move up and down and rotate. - Sternum
The sternum or breastbone develops in three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. It serves as a central attachment for the ribs and provides protection for the heart and lungs. - True ribs, False ribs
There are 12 pairs of ribs. The upper seven pairs articulate directly with the sternum and are called true ribs; the lower five pairs do not directly join the sternum and are called false ribs. The last two pairs of false ribs are known as floating ribs because they do not attach to the sternum at all.