In An Aqueous Solution, Name A. Name And Write The Formula Of The Ion That Makes A Solution Acidic. Desk No. B. Name And Write The Formula Of The Ion That Makes A Solution Basic. E Acid Is Used To Adjust The PH Of Swimming Pools. What Is The Formula Of Muriatic Acid? Does The PH of the b. Battery acid is a rather concemated off act. What is the formula of sulfuric ac 3. Aprous salt solutions obes are not netop Explain 4. Milk of magnesies and as a laxative and to eat atmach. What is the formula of milk of magnoua? b. Washing soda is often added to doergent formatics make the wall we ons. What is the formula of the anhydrous form of washing soda Does of anoise the pof the wash water? Explain
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Answers:
- In an aqueous solution:
- (A) Name and write the formula of the ion that makes a solution acidic: The ion responsible for making a solution acidic is the hydronium ion (( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ )). In simpler terms, it is often referred to as the hydrogen ion (( \text{H}^+ )), though technically ( \text{H}^+ ) exists as ( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ ) in water.
- (B) Name and write the formula of the ion that makes a solution basic: The ion responsible for making a solution basic is the hydroxide ion (( \text{OH}^- )).
- Muriatic acid: The formula of muriatic acid is ( \text{HCl} ) (hydrochloric acid). It is used to adjust the pH of swimming pools by neutralizing alkalinity and lowering the pH of the water.
- Battery acid: The formula of sulfuric acid, commonly known as battery acid, is ( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 ). It is highly concentrated and corrosive.
- Aqueous salt solutions: Some salt solutions do not neutralize due to hydrolysis. For example, when salts of strong acids and weak bases dissolve in water, they can make the solution acidic (e.g., ammonium chloride). Conversely, salts of strong bases and weak acids can make the solution basic (e.g., sodium acetate).
- Milk of magnesia and washing soda:
- (A) Formula of milk of magnesia: Milk of magnesia is ( \text{Mg(OH)}_2 ) (magnesium hydroxide). It acts as a laxative and antacid by neutralizing stomach acid.
- (B) Formula of anhydrous washing soda: The formula of anhydrous washing soda is ( \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 ) (sodium carbonate). Washing soda raises the pH of wash water by reacting with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, softening it.
Explanation (300 Words):
In aqueous solutions, the pH depends on the balance between ( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ ) (acidic ion) and ( \text{OH}^- ) (basic ion). Acids increase ( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ ) concentration, while bases increase ( \text{OH}^- ). Muriatic acid (( \text{HCl} )) is commonly used in swimming pools to lower pH and maintain proper water chemistry. Its dissociation in water produces ( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ ), making the solution acidic.
Sulfuric acid (( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 )) is a strong acid used in batteries. It fully ionizes in water, producing ( \text{H}^+ ) and ( \text{SO}_4^{2-} ) ions. Its high concentration allows it to facilitate electrochemical reactions in batteries.
Salt solutions vary in pH based on the strength of the acids and bases forming the salt. Salts from strong acids and weak bases (e.g., ( \text{NH}_4\text{Cl} )) hydrolyze to create acidic solutions, while salts from strong bases and weak acids (e.g., ( \text{NaCH}_3\text{COO} )) create basic solutions.
Milk of magnesia (( \text{Mg(OH)}_2 )) neutralizes stomach acid by reacting with ( \text{HCl} ) to form magnesium chloride and water, relieving indigestion. Washing soda (( \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 )) enhances detergent performance by softening hard water, increasing cleaning efficacy. Its alkaline nature raises the pH of water, improving the solubility of grease and oils.