Which of the following are FALSE concerning microbes?
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Microbes play a role in breaking down waste and decomposing dead organisms.
Microbes produce vitamins in the intestines.
The primary role of microbes on the planet involves causing disease in animals and humans.
Microbes generate oxygen through photosynthesis.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is: The primary role of microbes on the planet involves causing disease in animals and humans.
Explanation:
Microorganisms, or microbes, are diverse organisms that include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and algae. While some microbes can cause diseases in humans and animals, the majority of them play crucial and beneficial roles in ecosystems and human life. Below are key points to support this conclusion:
- Decomposition and Recycling of Nutrients:
Microbes are essential for breaking down organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances. This process recycles nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus back into the environment, supporting ecosystems and maintaining soil fertility. - Vitamin Production in Intestines:
In humans, gut microbiota—primarily bacteria—aid in digestion and synthesize essential vitamins, such as Vitamin K and some B vitamins. These are crucial for blood clotting and energy metabolism. - Photosynthesis and Oxygen Generation:
Certain microbes, such as cyanobacteria and algae, are primary producers that carry out photosynthesis, producing oxygen as a byproduct. Cyanobacteria are particularly significant because they were responsible for the Great Oxygenation Event billions of years ago, which transformed Earth’s atmosphere. - Misconception About Disease:
Although microbes like pathogenic bacteria and viruses cause diseases, they represent a small fraction of microbial species. The primary role of microbes is not to cause harm but to sustain life on Earth by participating in processes like nutrient cycling, supporting plant growth, and maintaining balance in ecosystems.
Microbes are thus indispensable to life, providing ecological services and supporting the biosphere. Focusing solely on their role in causing disease overlooks their overwhelmingly positive contributions to health, agriculture, and the environment.