Which of the following is NOT true:
A. natural selection should favor the weeding out of harmful genes
B. If changes to the DNA do not alter a gene’s protein, they are more likey to get weeded out
C. Scientists still aren’t sure how DNA sequences results in a four dimensional animal
D. There are more mutations and genetic differences between species BETWEEN genes than WITHIN genes
12.Whose discovery made the dating of ancient materials possible?
A. Charles Darwin
B. Francis Crick
C. Marie Curie
D. Gregor Mendel
E. William Paley
- Charles Darwin is responsible for discovering which of the following:
A. the laws of inheritance
B. the theory of natural selection
C. the classification of living organisms
D. all of the above
- Sometimes a species’ trait is not actually an adaptation because:
A. it result from other properties
B. hitchhiker effect
C. it is an exaptation
D. all of these
- The subfield of biological anthropology that studies human skeletal remains and materials found with those remains is:
A. bioarchaeology
B. forensic anthropology
C. paleoanthropology
D. human biology
Mendelian genetics
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the answers to your questions along with explanations:
11. Which of the following is NOT true?
Answer: B. If changes to the DNA do not alter a gene’s protein, they are more likely to get weeded out.
Explanation: This statement is not true because changes to DNA that do not alter a gene’s protein (known as synonymous mutations) are typically neutral or selectively neutral. They are not strongly weeded out by natural selection because they do not impact the organism’s fitness. The other statements are true: natural selection tends to eliminate harmful genes (A), the genetic differences between species are more pronounced between genes than within them (D), and the complexity of translating DNA into a functioning organism is still an active area of scientific exploration (C).
12. Whose discovery made the dating of ancient materials possible?
Answer: C. Marie Curie
Explanation: Marie Curie’s discovery of radioactivity laid the foundation for radiometric dating methods, such as carbon dating, which allow scientists to determine the age of ancient materials.
13. Charles Darwin is responsible for discovering which of the following:
Answer: B. the theory of natural selection
Explanation: Darwin formulated the theory of natural selection, which explains how organisms evolve over generations through variations that improve survival and reproduction. He did not discover the laws of inheritance (Gregor Mendel’s work) or develop a classification system for living organisms (Carl Linnaeus’ contribution).
14. Sometimes a species’ trait is not actually an adaptation because:
Answer: D. all of these
Explanation: A trait might not be an adaptation because it results from other properties (A), occurs as a “hitchhiker effect” due to being linked to another trait under selection (B), or originated as an exaptation—initially evolved for one purpose but later co-opted for another (C).
15. The subfield of biological anthropology that studies human skeletal remains and materials found with those remains is:
Answer: A. bioarchaeology
Explanation: Bioarchaeology is the study of human remains from archaeological sites, focusing on their biological and cultural context. It differs from forensic anthropology, which focuses on identifying remains in a legal context, and paleoanthropology, which studies ancient human and hominin fossils.
Explanation of Mendelian Genetics:
Mendelian genetics, discovered by Gregor Mendel through his pea plant experiments, explains how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Mendel identified key principles:
- Law of Segregation: Each individual carries two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. These alleles segregate during gamete formation, ensuring offspring receive one allele from each parent.
- Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits segregate independently during gamete formation, leading to genetic variation.
- Dominance and Recessiveness: Some alleles are dominant, meaning they mask the expression of recessive alleles in heterozygotes.
Mendelian genetics is foundational for understanding inheritance patterns, genetic disorders, and the principles underlying evolution and adaptation. These laws explain the transmission of heritable traits and are crucial in fields like agriculture, medicine, and evolutionary biology.