What is the name of the acid HBr, which is formed from the bromide ion? Anion Type Acid Name
-ide hydro ic acid
-ate ic acid
-ite ous acid
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The name of the acid formed from the bromide ion (Br⁻) is Hydrobromic acid.
To explain this in detail, let’s break down the naming rules for acids based on the anion (negatively charged ion) it is derived from. The naming convention is primarily based on whether the anion ends in “-ide,” “-ate,” or “-ite.”
- Anion ending in “-ide”:
- If an anion has the suffix “-ide,” the acid formed from it will take the prefix “hydro-” and the suffix “-ic acid.” The prefix “hydro-” comes from the hydrogen ion (H⁺) that is attached to the anion to form an acid. For example, when bromine (Br) forms a bromide ion (Br⁻), the corresponding acid is called hydrobromic acid.
- Example: HBr → Hydrobromic acid.
- Anion ending in “-ate”:
- If an anion ends in “-ate,” the acid formed will have the suffix “-ic acid.” There is no “hydro-” prefix. The “-ate” ions are typically from polyatomic ions containing oxygen. For example, the nitrate ion (NO₃⁻) forms nitric acid (HNO₃), and the sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) forms sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
- Example: HNO₃ → Nitric acid.
- Anion ending in “-ite”:
- If an anion ends in “-ite,” the corresponding acid will have the suffix “-ous acid.” Like the “-ate” acids, the “-ite” acids also often come from polyatomic ions but contain one less oxygen atom than their “-ate” counterparts. For example, the nitrite ion (NO₂⁻) forms nitrous acid (HNO₂).
- Example: HNO₂ → Nitrous acid.
So, for HBr, since it is derived from the bromide ion (Br⁻), the acid formed is called hydrobromic acid following the rule for “-ide” anions. This naming convention helps distinguish acids based on their anionic composition and ensures clarity in chemical communication.