Multiprogramming systems ________.
1 Are easier to develop than single programming systems
2 Execute each job faster
3 Execute more jobs in the same time
4 Are used only on large main frame computers
Right Ans ) 3
43) Which is not the state of the process ?
1 Blocked
2 Running
3 Ready
4 Privileged
Right Ans ) 4
44) The solution to Critical Section Problem is : Mutual Exclusion, Progress and Bounded Waiting.
1 The statement is false
2 The statement is true.
3 The statement is contradictory.
4 None of the above
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer to the first question is 3: Execute more jobs in the same time.
Explanation:
Multiprogramming systems aim to maximize CPU utilization by running multiple programs (jobs) concurrently. In a multiprogramming system, when one job is waiting for an I/O operation to complete, the CPU can switch to another job that is ready to execute. This approach minimizes the idle time of the CPU and helps execute more jobs within the same period of time. Unlike single-programming systems, where the CPU might be idle waiting for a job to finish I/O, multiprogramming makes better use of system resources and, as a result, can execute more jobs in a given time. However, it does not necessarily make individual jobs execute faster; it merely allows more jobs to be processed.
The correct answer to the second question is 4: Privileged.
Explanation:
The states of a process are generally:
- Blocked: A process is waiting for some event (like I/O completion) and cannot proceed until that event occurs.
- Running: The process is currently being executed by the CPU.
- Ready: The process is ready to run and is waiting for CPU time.
However, Privileged is not considered a process state. Privileged refers to a level of access or permissions in a system, not a state in which a process exists. A privileged state typically refers to the rights of a process, such as kernel or user mode, but not to the state of the process itself.
The correct answer to the third question is 2: The statement is true.
Explanation:
The solution to the Critical Section Problem is indeed based on three important properties:
- Mutual Exclusion: This ensures that no two processes can be in their critical section (the part of the code that accesses shared resources) simultaneously.
- Progress: This ensures that if no process is in its critical section, and some processes are waiting to enter, then one of them will be allowed to enter its critical section without unnecessary delays.
- Bounded Waiting: This ensures that each process gets a fair opportunity to execute its critical section within a bounded number of steps, preventing starvation (where some processes may never get the chance to enter the critical section).
These properties are fundamental for designing synchronization mechanisms in operating systems, ensuring safe access to shared resources and preventing race conditions.