These are all hypothalamic hormones except
thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
antidluretic hormone (ADH)
luteinizing hormone (LH).
prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is luteinizing hormone (LH).
Here’s an explanation of the distinction:
- Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH): TRH is produced by the hypothalamus. It stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which in turn stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). TRH plays a role in regulating the thyroid system, and its production is controlled by factors like thyroid hormone levels.
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Also known as vasopressin, ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH regulates water balance in the body by acting on the kidneys to reduce urine production and increase water reabsorption. It is a crucial hormone in maintaining fluid balance and blood pressure.
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Unlike the previous hormones, LH is not produced by the hypothalamus. It is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the pituitary to release LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). LH plays a key role in the regulation of the reproductive system, particularly in ovulation in females and testosterone production in males.
- Prolactin-Inhibiting Hormone (PIH): PIH, also known as dopamine, is produced by the hypothalamus. It inhibits the secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary. Prolactin is responsible for milk production in females, and PIH helps maintain a balance in its secretion.
Conclusion: While TRH, ADH, and PIH are all hypothalamic hormones, luteinizing hormone (LH) is not. LH is secreted by the anterior pituitary, not the hypothalamus. It is the hormone that is directly involved in reproductive functions.