Ca(OH)2 +H2SO4 —> CaSO4 +2H2O What is the net ionic equation ?with steps
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
To determine the net ionic equation for the reaction:
[ \text{Ca(OH)}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} ]
we need to break down the reaction into its ionic components and eliminate the spectator ions. Let’s go through the process step by step.
Step 1: Write the full ionic equation
First, we need to express all the compounds in their ionic form, as they would dissociate in aqueous solutions. Calcium hydroxide, (\text{Ca(OH)}_2), and sulfuric acid, (\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4), are both strong electrolytes and dissociate completely in water. Calcium sulfate, (\text{CaSO}_4), is insoluble in water and does not dissociate significantly. Water is a molecular compound and remains undissociated.
The ionic equation is:
[
\text{Ca}^{2+} (aq) + 2\text{OH}^- (aq) + 2\text{H}^+ (aq) + \text{SO}_4^{2-} (aq) \rightarrow \text{CaSO}_4 (s) + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} (l)
]
Step 2: Identify and remove spectator ions
Spectator ions are ions that appear unchanged on both sides of the equation. In this case, the spectator ions are the (\text{Ca}^{2+}) and (\text{SO}_4^{2-}) ions, because they do not undergo any chemical change and remain in solution.
The remaining ions are the hydroxide ions ((\text{OH}^-)) and hydrogen ions ((\text{H}^+)), which react to form water.
Step 3: Write the net ionic equation
After removing the spectator ions, we are left with the net ionic equation:
[
2\text{OH}^- (aq) + 2\text{H}^+ (aq) \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O} (l)
]
This equation shows that hydroxide ions react with hydrogen ions to form water.
Explanation:
The reaction between calcium hydroxide and sulfuric acid is a typical acid-base neutralization reaction. Calcium hydroxide, a strong base, reacts with sulfuric acid, a strong acid. The hydroxide ions ((\text{OH}^-)) from calcium hydroxide react with the hydrogen ions ((\text{H}^+)) from sulfuric acid to form water, which is a neutral product. Meanwhile, the calcium ions ((\text{Ca}^{2+})) and sulfate ions ((\text{SO}_4^{2-})) combine to form solid calcium sulfate ((\text{CaSO}_4)), which is insoluble in water and precipitates out. This solid is removed from the solution, leaving the water as the main product. The net ionic equation focuses on the ions that are directly involved in the formation of water.