Balance the reactions in the following.
Balanced equation
SOLUTION.PDF
May 2013
H+N NH
CaCl₂+ AgNO→ Ca(NO3)2 + AgCl
SnO:+H₂H₂O + Sn
Na2CO3 + HCI → NaCl + H2O + CO:
Fe2(SO) + KOH KSO+ Fe (OH)
CHOOCO:+H₂O
Fe(OH):F:O+H₂ + H₂O
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Let’s go through each of the reactions and balance them step by step:
1. CaCl₂ + AgNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + AgCl
- This is a double displacement reaction where calcium chloride reacts with silver nitrate to form calcium nitrate and silver chloride.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{CaCl}_2 + 2\text{AgNO}_3 → \text{Ca(NO}_3)_2 + 2\text{AgCl}
]
Explanation: The calcium ion (Ca²⁺) pairs with two nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) to form calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂), while silver (Ag⁺) ions combine with chloride (Cl⁻) ions to form silver chloride (AgCl).
2. SnO₂ + H₂ → Sn + H₂O
- Tin (IV) oxide reacts with hydrogen gas to produce tin and water.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{SnO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2 → \text{Sn} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}
]
Explanation: Each tin (Sn) atom in SnO₂ gains two electrons from hydrogen (H₂) to reduce to elemental tin (Sn), while the hydrogen gas is oxidized to water (H₂O).
3. Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂
- Sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{HCl} → 2\text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2
]
Explanation: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in a double displacement reaction, releasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas and forming water.
4. Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 6KOH → 2Fe(OH)₃ + 3K₂SO₄
- Iron (III) sulfate reacts with potassium hydroxide to form iron (III) hydroxide and potassium sulfate.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{Fe}_2\text{(SO}_4)_3 + 6\text{KOH} → 2\text{Fe(OH)}_3 + 3\text{K}_2\text{SO}_4
]
Explanation: Iron (III) sulfate dissociates to provide Fe³⁺ ions, which combine with hydroxide ions from potassium hydroxide to form iron (III) hydroxide (Fe(OH)₃), while potassium ions pair with sulfate ions to form potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄).
5. CH₃COOH + H₂O → CH₃COO⁻ + H₃O⁺
- Acetic acid reacts with water to form acetate ions and hydronium ions.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} + \text{H}_2\text{O} → \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^- + \text{H}_3\text{O}^+
]
Explanation: Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) dissociates in water, donating a proton (H⁺) to water molecules to form hydronium ions (H₃O⁺), leaving behind acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻).
6. Fe(OH)₃ + 3H₂ → Fe + 3H₂O
- Iron (III) hydroxide reacts with hydrogen gas to produce iron and water.
- Balanced equation:
[
\text{Fe(OH)}_3 + 3\text{H}_2 → \text{Fe} + 3\text{H}_2\text{O}
]
Explanation: Iron (III) hydroxide is reduced to iron (Fe), while hydrogen gas is oxidized to form water (H₂O).
These reactions show common types such as displacement, acid-base reactions, and redox reactions. In balancing chemical equations, the law of conservation of mass ensures that the same number of atoms of each element are present on both sides of the reaction. Each type of reaction may require different strategies, such as using coefficients to balance the number of molecules or atoms involved.