Attributions fall into two categories: Multiple Choice fundamental and extraneous. temporary or permanent. internal and external. behavior and assumption.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is: internal and external.
Attributions refer to how people explain the causes of behavior and events. Attribution theory, developed by psychologists, looks at the process by which individuals explain the causes of behavior and events. These explanations, or attributions, can broadly be categorized into two main types: internal and external.
Internal attributions assign causality to factors within the person, such as their personality, traits, or choices. When someone makes an internal attribution, they believe that the behavior or event was caused by something about the person, such as their attitude, character, or effort. For example, if a student fails a test, an internal attribution might be that the student did not study enough or lacks intelligence.
External attributions, on the other hand, assign causality to outside agents or circumstances. This could include the environment, other people, or luck. When making an external attribution, the individual believes that external forces were responsible. Continuing with the example of the student who failed the test, an external attribution might be that the test was unfairly difficult, or there were distractions during the exam period.
Understanding the difference between these two types of attributions is crucial because they influence how we perceive and react to our own behaviors and those of others. Internal attributions can lead to feelings of guilt or pride depending on whether the outcome is negative or positive, respectively. External attributions can lead to feelings of victimization or gratitude, also depending on the outcome.
The way we attribute events can affect our motivation, emotions, and interactions with others. For instance, if a person consistently attributes their failures to external causes, they may not feel motivated to improve or change their behavior. Conversely, someone who recognizes the internal causes of their actions might be more inclined to learn from their mistakes and grow.
Thus, the distinction between internal and external attributions is fundamental in understanding behavior and assumption in psychology, shaping our responses to the world and our mental health.