Draw Lewis Structures For: XeF2, XeF4, XeO3F2. Draw A 3-D Representation Of Each Of The Molecules That You Selected; Include Bond Angles. Provide The Name Of The Shape (Molecular Geometry). List The Hybrid Orbitals That Would Be Used In A Valence Bond Description Of Bonding. Lewis Structure 3-D Molecular Geometry
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Lewis Structures, Molecular Geometry, and Hybrid Orbitals
1. XeF2 (Xenon Difluoride):
- Lewis Structure: Xenon (Xe) is the central atom, surrounded by two fluorine (F) atoms. Both fluorines form single bonds with xenon. Xenon also has two lone pairs of electrons.
- Molecular Geometry: The structure is linear, with the two fluorine atoms arranged at a 180-degree bond angle, due to the presence of two lone pairs on xenon that push the bonds apart.
- Hybridization: The xenon atom undergoes sp³d hybridization, as it uses five orbitals (one s, three p, and one d orbital) to form bonds and accommodate lone pairs.
2. XeF4 (Xenon Tetrafluoride):
- Lewis Structure: Xenon is the central atom with four fluorine atoms, each bonded by a single bond to xenon. Xenon has two lone pairs of electrons.
- Molecular Geometry: The geometry is square planar, where the fluorine atoms are in the same plane at 90-degree angles. The lone pairs occupy opposite positions, minimizing electron-electron repulsion.
- Hybridization: Xenon undergoes sp³d² hybridization, which involves the use of six orbitals (one s, three p, and two d orbitals).
3. XeO3F2 (Xenon Oxyfluoride):
- Lewis Structure: Xenon is at the center, with three oxygen atoms and two fluorine atoms. Each oxygen forms a double bond with xenon, while the fluorine atoms form single bonds. Xenon has one lone pair of electrons.
- Molecular Geometry: The geometry is trigonal bipyramidal with the fluorine atoms occupying the equatorial positions to minimize repulsion. The oxygen atoms occupy the axial positions.
- Hybridization: Xenon in this molecule undergoes sp³d hybridization, using five orbitals for bonding and accommodating lone pairs.
In each of these cases, the lone pairs on xenon influence the molecular geometry, and hybridization helps explain the bonding and spatial arrangement of atoms.
