From the IP address 192.168.10.1 and the subnet mask 255.255.255.192; Answer the Questions below:ÂÂ
How many bits been borrowed from the last octet from the subnet mask? *
Is this address 192.168.10.192, a network address? *
How many sub networks it will be? *  Is this address 192.168.10.190, a broadcast address? *
How many IP hosts addresses will be in each sub network? *
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Answers
- How many bits have been borrowed from the last octet from the subnet mask?
The subnet mask given is 255.255.255.192. In binary form, this subnet mask is:
- 255 =
11111111 - 255 =
11111111 - 255 =
11111111 - 192 =
11000000
In the last octet (192), we see that the first two bits are 1 and the remaining six bits are 0. This means that 2 bits have been borrowed from the last octet.
- Is the address 192.168.10.192 a network address?
To determine if the address 192.168.10.192 is a network address, we need to check if the host portion is all zeroes. Based on the subnet mask 255.255.255.192, we have:
- Network portion: 192.168.10.192 (the first 26 bits are network bits)
- Host portion: The remaining 6 bits are used for host addresses.
Since the address 192.168.10.192 has the last 6 bits set to 000000, this is the network address for the subnet 192.168.10.192/26.
- How many sub-networks will there be?
The subnet mask 255.255.255.192 indicates that 2 bits have been borrowed from the last octet. The total number of sub-networks created by borrowing bits is calculated as:
[
2^2 = 4 \text{ sub-networks}
]
So, there will be 4 sub-networks.
- Is the address 192.168.10.190 a broadcast address?
The broadcast address for a subnet is the address where the host portion is all 1s. For the subnet 192.168.10.192/26, the broadcast address would be 192.168.10.255. The address 192.168.10.190 is not the broadcast address.
- How many IP host addresses will be in each sub-network?
Each subnet has 6 bits for host addresses, as determined from the subnet mask 255.255.255.192. The number of available host IP addresses is calculated as:
[
2^6 – 2 = 62 \text{ IP addresses}
]
The subtraction of 2 accounts for the network address and the broadcast address, which cannot be assigned to hosts.
300-Word Explanation
A subnet mask helps divide an IP address into the network portion and the host portion. In this case, the subnet mask 255.255.255.192 divides the address into 26 bits for the network and 6 bits for the host. The first 26 bits (11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) are fixed for the network, while the remaining 6 bits (000000) are for the host addresses.
Borrowing bits from the host portion increases the number of subnets by reducing the number of available IPs for hosts. By borrowing 2 bits (from the 6 bits reserved for hosts), we increase the number of subnets by 2^2 = 4. This means that, with this subnet mask, we can create 4 subnets in total.
Each of these subnets can support up to 62 host addresses. The formula 2^n - 2 (where n is the number of host bits) gives the number of usable host addresses in a subnet. The two subtracted addresses are reserved for the network address (which identifies the subnet itself) and the broadcast address (which is used to communicate with all devices on the subnet).
In conclusion, the subnet mask 255.255.255.192 creates 4 subnets, each with 62 usable IP addresses for hosts. The network and broadcast addresses for each subnet cannot be used for devices.
Let me generate the image for you!
Here is the subnetting diagram based on your question! It visually explains how the IP address 192.168.10.1 is split using the subnet mask 255.255.255.192, the borrowed bits, subnets, network and broadcast addresses, and available host IPs in each subnet. Let me know if you’d like further clarification!
