In terms of polarity, what best describes the molecule NH37
A non-polar molecule composed of polar covalent bonds
A polar molecule composed of nonpoter covalent bonda
A polar molecule composed of polar covalent bonds
A non-polar molecule composed of nonpolar covalent bonds
QUESTION 4
Knowing the molecule BC13 has only three covalent bonds to the boron atom, and no electron lone pair on the boron atom, what shape does the molecule have?
Trigonal pyramidal
Trigonal planar
Tetrahedral
Unear
QUESTION S
After drawing the correct Lewis structure for methanol, CH40, answer, how many single bonds does it possess?
02
03
5
The term “valence” refers to an outer, booding electron
True
False
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Let’s go through each of your questions step by step:
1. In terms of polarity, what best describes the molecule NH₃ (Ammonia)?
- Answer: A polar molecule composed of polar covalent bonds. Explanation:
Ammonia (NH₃) is a polar molecule. This is due to the fact that nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H), resulting in polar covalent bonds between nitrogen and hydrogen. Additionally, the molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape (due to a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen), which creates an overall dipole moment, making the molecule polar. The unequal sharing of electrons between nitrogen and hydrogen leads to a partial negative charge on nitrogen and partial positive charges on hydrogen.
2. Knowing the molecule BCl₃ has only three covalent bonds to the boron atom, and no electron lone pair on the boron atom, what shape does the molecule have?
- Answer: Trigonal planar. Explanation:
Boron trichloride (BCl₃) has three bonding pairs of electrons around the boron atom, and no lone pairs of electrons on boron. This results in a trigonal planar geometry. The three bonds are arranged symmetrically at 120° angles to each other in a flat plane. Boron in BCl₃ follows the “octet rule” in this molecule by sharing its electrons with chlorine atoms, although boron can sometimes be satisfied with fewer than 8 electrons.
3. After drawing the correct Lewis structure for methanol, CH₄O, how many single bonds does it possess?
- Answer: 5. Explanation:
Methanol (CH₄O) consists of one carbon atom, four hydrogen atoms, and one oxygen atom. The Lewis structure shows that carbon is bonded to four hydrogens with single bonds, and the carbon is also bonded to an oxygen atom with a single bond. Oxygen, in turn, forms a single bond with one of the hydrogen atoms. Thus, there are a total of 5 single bonds in methanol: 4 between carbon and hydrogen, and 1 between carbon and oxygen.
4. The term “valence” refers to an outer bonding electron.
- Answer: True. Explanation:
The term “valence” refers to the electrons in the outermost shell (energy level) of an atom that are involved in bonding. These electrons determine the chemical reactivity of the atom. In the case of covalent bonding, atoms share their valence electrons to form bonds, aiming to achieve a full outer electron shell (which is often the goal of atoms in chemical reactions).
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